Gender Essay -- essays research papers fc

â€Å"A businessman is aggressive; a businesswoman is pushy. A businessman is good on details; she is picky. He follows through; she doesn’t know when to quit. He stands firm; she is hard. His judgements are her prejudices. He is a man of the world; she’s been around. He isn’t afraid to say what is on his mind; she is mouthy. He exercises authority diligently; she’s power mad. He’s closemouthed; she’s secretive. He climbed the ladder of success; she slept her way to the top. From the first moment a child begins to understand the spoken word, they begin to receive messages about societies view of the different sexes. Language itself can not be deemed good or bad, but it does reflect individual or societal values. The above example displays the way in which language can be used to stereotype gender. Both sexes in the example are behaving in the same way but the language used has separated them, praising the male while disparaging the female. In order to explore the differences between males and females regarding language we must look at whether or not language is sexist, whether it is used differently by different genders and how language has changed, if at all, in relation to these points. Women’s roles in society have changed considerably over time, and they are now valued more than ever in society. It has been claimed that this has largely arisen due to the media. It has been said that newspapers and magazines now largely avoid sexist language, and even advertisers have changed their depiction of both genders to some degree. Universities have expanded their curricula to include courses for women, even hospital’s have changed their policies pertaining to childbirth in directions originally propounded by women’s movement activities; i.e. developing birthing centers etc. These examples are merely a few of the multitudes of changes that have occurred. It has been pointed out that the utilization of language differs with gender. For instance, women have more of a tendency to use finer discriminations than men do in some areas such as color terms. Women would be more at ease using the labels ‘Crimson’, ‘ecru’, or ‘beige’, more than men and men would be found to use the simpler version: â€Å"It’s blue, not cornflower.† It’s also been noted that men have a tendency to drop more expletives into a conversation than women, although some women do swear, especially younger fem... ...ten exploited as sexual objects. Women are described by their appearance while men normally are not, the implied message being that looks are more important for women and also the cause of their circumstance. In drawing an overall conclusion we have found that language itself is not sexist, but has been used by a male dominated society to oppress and denigrate females. Slowly but surely through a wave of feminist movements, this fact is being recognized. Steps are being taken to try and correct this and to give females a chance at being equal and not second class citizens. The more I became engrossed in this assignment the more I realized (being female) that we are being belittled by men’s use of language. It is true that many women apologize for their existence when conversing in general but more especially when interacting with men. This appears to be due to a general feeling of inferiority or lack of confidence. When society itself institutionalizes such attitudes, the language reflects the bias. When everyone in society is truly created equal and treated as such there will be little concern for the asymmetries that exist in the language. Bibliography: CrossCultural Psychology

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WHO has ranked Malaysia at 31 among 191 countries for the performance in overall health care and was recommended as a model to other developing countries. Government spending on health care was RM (Malaysian ringgits) 1 billion (USD 1 = RM 3.82) or 3.1% of the national budget in 2000 and 4.4% in 2010 (WHO World Health Statistics 2013). Russia, even after spending 25% per person more than Malaysia on health care, has reportedly not performed well as indicted by low rankings in a number of indicators (Babar Z.U.D et al., 2007). Tight control of blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes substantially reduces the cost of complications, increased the interval without complications and survival, and had a cost effectiveness ratio that compares favorably with many accepted healthcare programmes. (UKPDS 40). Hence, the control of Diabetes, and the prevention of Diabetes related complications will provide benefit to the patients as well as potentially reduce the overall healthcare expenditures for countries and payers (Nor Hasimah et al., 2010). 1.2 HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG GERIATRICS 1.2.1 Definition of HRQoL Prevalence of diseases among geriatrics are usually related to health related quality of life (HRQoL), which is a broad multidimensional concept that usually includes self-reported measures of physical and mental health. Health-related quality of life can be considered as that part of a person’s overall quality of life that is determined primarily by their health status and which can be influenced by clinical interventions. (Centres for Disease and Prevention, USA) On the individual level, this includes physical and mental health perceptions and their correlates—including health risks and conditio... ...esence of a chronic elevation of systemic arterial pressure above the threshold value, which is 120/80mmHg (Giles et al., 2009). Hypertension is a progressive cardiovascular syndrome arising from complex and interrelated etiologies. Progression is strongly associated with functional and structural cardiac and vascular abnormalities that damage the heart, kidneys, brain, vasculature, and other organs and lead to premature morbidity and death. Reduction of BP when target organ damage is demonstrable or the functional precursor of target organ damage is present and still reversible generally reduces the risk for cardiovascular events. The prevalence of hypertension among geriatrics was 62.6% in the community and 47.6% of them had uncontrolled blood pressure (C.Teo et al., 2006). Table 1.3.1.1 below shows classification of the stages of hypertension and its definition.

Graded Assignments Essay

The following sections contain student copies of the assignments. These must be distributed to students prior to the due dates for the assignments. Online students will have access to these documents in PDF format, which will be available for downloading at any time during the course. Graded Assignment Requirements Assignment Requirements documents provided below must be printed and distributed to students for guidance on completing the assignments and submitting them for grading. Instructors must remind students to retain all handouts and assignment documents issued in every unit, as well as student-prepared documentation and graded assignments. Some or all these documents will be used repeatedly across different units. Unit 1 Assignment 1: Match Risks/Threats to Solutions Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to match common risks or threats within the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure with solutions and preventative actions. Assignment Requirements This is a matching activity. You will receive the Match Risks/Threats to Solutions worksheet, which contains a numbered list of common risks and threats found in a typical IT infrastructure. You must enter the letter for the correct solution or preventative action in the blank to the right of each risk or threat. Required Resources Worksheet: Match Risks/Threats to Solutions Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1 page Due By: Unit 2 Self-Assessment Checklist I have correctly matched all the risks or threats within the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure with the solutions and preventative actions. Unit 1 Assignment 2: Impact of a Data Classification Standard Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to determine the impact of a data classification standard on an organization’s IT infrastructure. Assignment Requirements You are a networking intern at Richman Investments, a mid-level financial investment and consulting firm. Your supervisor has asked you to draft a brief report that describes the â€Å"Internal Use Only† data classification standard of Richman Investments. Write this report addressing which IT infrastructure domains are affected by the standard and how they are affected. In your report, mention at least three IT infrastructure domains affected by the â€Å"Internal Use Only† data classification standard. Your report will become part of an executive summary to senior management. Required Resources None Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 2 Self-Assessment Checklist I have identified at least three IT infrastructure domains affected by the â€Å"Internal Use Only† data classification standard. In my report, I have included details on how those domains are affected. Unit 2 Assignment 1: Calculate the Window of Vulnerability Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to calculate a window of vulnerability (WoV). Assignment Requirements You are reviewing the security status for a small Microsoft workgroup LAN. The workgroup contains many distinct separations in the network determined by group memberships. An example of the network divisions is as follows: Windows laptops: Traveling salespeople, remote suppliers, branch offices Windows desktops: Accounting group, developer group, customer service group Windows servers: Administrative server, Microsoft SharePoint server, Server Message Block (SMB) server A security breach has been identified in which the SMB server was accessed by an unauthorized user due to a security hole. The hole was detected by the server software manufacturer the previous day. A patch will be available within three days. The LAN administrator needs at least one week to download, test, and install the patch. Calculate the WoV for the SMB server. Required Resources None Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1 page Due By: Unit 3 Self-Assessment Checklist I have accurately calculated the WoV. Unit 2 Assignment 2: Microsoft Environment Analysis Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to analyze a mixed-version Microsoft Windows environment and to identify the issues described in Microsoft Security Advisories. Assignment Requirements You are reviewing the security status for a small Microsoft workgroup LAN. The workgroup contains many distinct separations in the network as determined by group memberships. The network consists of computers working on a variety of client platforms, such as Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7, and server products in a single environment. An example of the network divisions is as follows: Windows laptops: Traveling salespeople, remote suppliers, branch offices Windows desktops: Accounting group, developer group, customer service group Windows servers: Administrative server, Microsoft SharePoint server, Server Message Block (SMB) server Microsoft Common Vulnerability and Exposures (CVEs) are addressed through security advisories with a corresponding advisory ID. Other CVE sources attach a CVE ID to advisories. Go through the archive of Microsoft Security Advisories on the following link: http://www. microsoft. com/technet/security/advisory/archive. mspx (accessed September 15, 2010) Answer the following questions based on the advisories for the past 12 months: 1. What vulnerabilities exist for this workgroup LAN based on the advisories? List five of them. 2. Do any vulnerabilities involve privilege elevation? Is this considered a high-priority issue? 3. Identify and document at least three vulnerabilities and the solutions related to the client configurations. Required Resources Internet Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 3 Self-Assessment Checklist I have identified at least five vulnerabilities for this workgroup LAN? I have identified privilege elevation as a high-priority issue? I have identified and documented at least three vulnerabilities related to the client configurations? Unit 3 Discussion 1: Access Control Models Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn about access control models for different scenarios. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you have a handout on the access control models. Read the handout and discuss it with your classmates to collect answers for the following questions: Select an access control model that best prevents unauthorized access for each of the five scenarios given in the worksheet. Which types of logical access controls should be used in each scenario? Justify your recommendations. Respond to at least two other students’ views to engage in a meaningful debate regarding their choices or to defend your choice. Required Resources Worksheet: Access Control Models Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 3 Self-Assessment Checklist I have correctly selected an access control model that best prevents an unauthorized access for each of the five scenarios given in the worksheet. I have selected the correct types of logical access controls that should be used in each scenario. I have included justifications for my recommendations. I have responded to at least two other students’ views. Unit 3 Assignment 1: Remote Access Control Policy Definition Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to design a remote access control policy definition for an IT infrastructure. Assignment Requirements Richman Investments is an investment and consulting firm. The company wants to expand its business operations both in the U. S. and in foreign countries. It intends to eventually have 10,000 employees in 20 countries. The Richman corporate headquarters is located in Phoenix, Arizona. Currently, there are eight branch offices in: Atlanta, Georgia Chicago, Illinois Cincinnati, Ohio Denver, Colorado Los Angeles, California Montreal, Canada New York City, New York Washington, D. C. The North American offices have a total of 5,000 employees who use desktops, mobile computers, and wireless devices. The Phoenix office has an Internet connection to all remote offices because redundancy is extremely important to the company. There are several sensitive applications that all offices use. The management from each office share application information that is hosted at the corporate office. Design a remote access control policy for Richman using the appropriate access controls for systems, applications, and data access. Include the design and justification for using the selected access controls for systems, applications, and data access. Required Resources None Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 4 Self-Assessment Checklist I have correctly designed a remote access control policy for the given scenario. I have correctly selected appropriate access controls for systems, applications, and data access. I have included my justification for using the selected access controls for systems, applications, and data access. Unit 4 Assignment 1: Enhance an Existing IT Security Policy Framework Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to research standards. You will learn how to write Remote Access Standard. You will learn how procedures and guidelines fit within an IT security policy framework. Assignment Requirements You will receive the worksheet entitled Enhance an Existing IT Security Policy Framework. It contains a scenario and an illustration of a portion of a company’s security policy framework. After studying the worksheet, complete the following tasks: Research Remote Access Standards on the Internet. For the given scenario, write a draft Remote Access Standard that will reduce the occurrence of risks, threats, and vulnerabilities in the Remote Access domain of the given IT infrastructure. Make sure you include the minimum remote computer configurations, the use of anti-malware software, and the secure virtual private network (VPN) access in the Remote Access Standard. Indicate the names of procedures or guidelines that you would add under the Remote Access Standard. Required Resources Worksheet: Enhance an Existing IT Security Policy Framework Internet Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 5 Self-Assessment Checklist I have written an appropriate Remote Access Standard, which includes the minimum remote computer configurations, the use of anti-malware software, and the secure VPN access. I have included the names of at least two procedures or guidelines that would appear under the Remote Access Standard in the framework. Unit 4 Assignment 2: Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) Definition Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to research and compare AUPs enforced by other organizations. You will learn how to compose a portion of an AUP for an organization. Assignment Requirements You are a networking intern at Richman Investments. An employee of the company used employer-owned equipment to access the Internet and check his personal Web-based e-mail account. He followed a link in a spam e-mail, downloaded games to his hard disk, and inadvertently infected the computer with malware, which spread to the network server. The security officer at Richman has asked you to research and to define â€Å"the acceptable use of Richman assets regarding Internet and e-mail access,† including the actions that are prohibited. . Then, the employees must be restricted from using the Internet at work for personal use, other than to occasionally check Web-based personal e-mail accounts. Personal downloads must be strictly prohibited. Your definition will become part of the overall AUP. For this assignment: Research acceptable use policies on the Internet. Find the actual policies of real companies. Compare the portions that address Internet and e-mail access of at least three different companies. Create an AUP definition for Richman Investments that defines the acceptable and unacceptable use of Internet and e-mail access at Richman. Required Resources Internet Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 5 Self-Assessment Checklist I have conducted adequate research of AUPs before defining the policy. I have included the appropriate statements that address both acceptable and unacceptable use of the Internet and Web-based e-mail accounts. Unit 5 Assignment 1: Testing and Monitoring Security Controls Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn to recognize security events and baseline anomalies that might indicate suspicious activity. You will learn to identify policy violations and security breaches and to appropriately monitor threats and control activity across the network. Assignment Requirements Refer to the handout Testing and Monitoring Security Controls. It contains information on security events or breaches and baseline anomalies. After studying the handout, answer the following questions: Identify at least two types of security events and baseline anomalies that might indicate suspicious activity. Given a list of policy violations and security breaches, select three breaches, and consider the best options for controlling and monitoring each incident. Identify the methods to mitigate risk and minimize exposure to threats or vulnerabilities. Required Resources Worksheet: Testing and Monitoring Security Controls Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 6 Self-Assessment Checklist I have identified at least two security events and baseline anomalies. I have indicated the best options for controlling and monitoring three of the policy violations and security breaches from the list. I have identified the methods to mitigate risk and to minimize exposure to threats or vulnerabilities. Unit 5 Assignment 2: Define an Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn to successfully identify inappropriate activity on a network and to develop a basic AUP that describes the handling of such incidents. Assignment Requirements Richman Investments requires the enforcement of strict ingress-egress filtering policies for network traffic. Certain traffic is expressly forbidden: No peer-to-peer file sharing or externally reachable file transfer protocol (FTP) servers No downloading executables from known software sites No unauthorized redistribution of licensed or copyrighted material No exporting internal software or technical material in violation of export control laws No introduction of malicious programs into networks or onto systems No accessing unauthorized internal resources or information from external sources No port scanning or data interception on the network No denying service or circumventing authentication to legitimate users No using programs, scripts, or commands to interfere with other network users No sending unsolicited e-mail messages or junk mail to company recipients No accessing adult content from company resources No remote connections from systems failing to meet minimum security requirements Define a LAN-to-WAN, Internet, and Web surfing AUP that restricts usage of the company’s Internet connection and permits the company to monitor usage of the corporate Internet connection. Carefully evaluate the implications of each policy and how implementations might impact the IT infrastructure, both positively and negatively. Weigh the benefits and the disadvantages of each method. Consider whether or not a proposed solution causes an interruption to the legitimate users and how it might bring security at the expense of preventing a perfectly legitimate activity. Required Resources None Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 6 Self-Assessment Checklist I have defined an effective LAN-to-WAN, Internet, and Web surfing AUP. I have evaluated the implications of each policy. I have carefully considered the benefits and disadvantages of each policy enforcement control. I have proposed strong ideas for acceptable and unacceptable resource usage. Unit 6 Assignment 1: BCP, DRP, BIA, and Incident Response Plan Mix and Match Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will strengthen your understanding of details regarding a business continuity plan (BCP), disaster recovery plan (DRP), business impact analysis (BIA), and an incident response plan. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you are provided with a handout on the major elements that are part of a BCP, DRP, BIA, and incident response plan. You must properly align the elements with their corresponding plans. Required Resources Worksheet: BCP, DRP, BIA, and Incident Response Plan Mix and Match Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1 page Due By: Unit 7 Self-Assessment Checklist I have correctly matched all the elements with the plans. Unit 6 Assignment 2: Quantitative and Qualitative Risk Assessment Analysis Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will be able to analyze real-world scenarios and perform a quantitative risk assessment and a qualitative risk assessment by performing proper calculations. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you are provided with a handout on a quantitative risk assessment and a qualitative risk assessment. Go through the scenarios given in the handout and answer the questions. Required Resources Worksheet: Quantitative and Qualitative Risk Assessment Analysis Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 7 Self-Assessment Checklist I have correctly calculated the values for Single loss expectancy (SLE), Annual rate of occurrence (ARO), and Annual loss expectancy (ALE). I have determined the effectiveness of the safeguard of buying insurance. I have determined whether or not Richman should buy the insurance. I have supported my choice with an explanation. I have correctly calculated the risk level of each of the risk given in the scenario. I have correctly prioritized the given risks. I have created an effective risk matrix for the given scenario. Unit 7 Assignment 1: Select Appropriate Encryption Algorithms Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to select the appropriate encryption methods and techniques for real-world business applications. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you are given a handout which contains a list of the common encryption algorithms and five scenarios. Match the common encryption algorithms with real-world business applications and the requirements for given different scenarios. Give justification for your selections. Required Resources Worksheet: Select Appropriate Encryption Algorithms Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1 page Due By: Unit 8 Self-Assessment Checklist I have selected the appropriate encryption algorithms and the methods for the given scenarios. I have justified the selections I have made. Unit 7 Assignment 2: Design an Encryption Strategy Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to design an enterprise encryption strategy. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you are given a handout that contains the scenario of Richman Investments which needs an enterprise encryption strategy—a public key infrastructure (PKI) that supports internal employees, external business partners, and clients. You need to design the enterprise encryption strategy for Richman Investments. In your design, include the following: Select appropriate encryption algorithms and methods. Identify and justify the selection of encryption solutions that support internal employees, external business partners, and clients. Required Resources Worksheet: Design an Encryption Strategy Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 8 Self-Assessment Checklist I have selected the appropriate encryption algorithms and methods. I have identified and justified my selection of the encryption solutions that support internal employees, external business partners, and clients. Unit 8 Assignment 1: Network Hardening Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn the essentials of network hardening for a given network layout. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you are given a handout which contains four different network layouts. Your instructor will assign one of the four layouts to you. For your layout, you are required to devise at least three strategies for hardening the network environment throughout the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure. Support your decisions with your justification. Required Resources Worksheet: Network Hardening Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 9 Self-Assessment Checklist I have identified at least three network hardening strategies for the given network layout. I have given the justification for my decisions. Unit 8 Assignment 2: Network Security Applications and Countermeasures Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to determine where certain security countermeasures apply across the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you are given a worksheet that contains a list of network security applications and countermeasures. You need to identify where they belong, within the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure and what confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) function they provide. Complete the worksheet and submit to your instructor for evaluation. Required Resources Worksheet: Network Security Applications and Security Countermeasures Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 9 Self-Assessment Checklist I have accurately placed security countermeasures within the seven domains of an IT infrastructure. I have identified the portions of the CIA triad affected by specific security countermeasures. Unit 9 Assignment 1: List Phases of a Computer Attack Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to identify the activities that occur during each phase of a computer attack. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you need to pretend to be ethical hackers who need to protect their organization from a computer attack. List the general phases of a computer attack. Thinking like an attacker, you should add items to each phase that an attacker would consider when performing a successful computer attack. You can refer to the textbook for this course. Required Resources Textbook: Fundamentals of Information Systems Security Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 10 Self-Assessment Checklist I have identified at least three phases of a computer attack. In my answer, I have included the factors the attackers take into consideration when targeting computers or networks. Unit 9 Assignment 2: Summary Report on a Malicious Code Attack Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to mitigate the threat of a virus or malware attack. Assignment Requirements Select a well-known virus or malicious code attack, and write a summary report explaining what kind of malicious attack it was, how it spread and attacked other devices, and how it was mitigated. Indicate how you would defend the attack from recurring on a network you control. You may use the Internet for research. Consider the following: The severity of the outbreak The propagation methods and speed The targets of the attack The success rate of the attack vector Additional complexity: self-armoring, self-updating, and so on The ways to defend infection in every domain The ways to defend intrusion at every layer Required Resources Internet Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 10 Self-Assessment Checklist I have included the following in my summary report: The type of malicious attack How it spread and attacked other devices How it was mitigated I have specified details on how to defend the attack from recurring on a network. Unit 10 Assignment 1: Examine Real-World Applications of Security Standards and Compliance Laws Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn to relate a well-known standard or law to real-world applications. Assignment Requirements In this assignment, you are given a handout on security standards and compliance laws. The handout contains a list of international and domestic information security standards and compliance laws. You need to select one and describe its real-world applications in both private and public sectors. Required Resources Worksheet: Examine Real-World Applications of Security Standards and Compliance Laws Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Due By: Unit 11 Self-Assessment Checklist I have correctly described real-world applications of the chosen standard or law. I have included examples in both the private and public sectors. Unit 10 Assignment 2: Small- to Medium-Sized Business Analysis Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn how to apply the Payment Card Industry’s Data Security Standards (PCI DSS) standard to a small- to medium-sized business. Assignment Requirements Meager Media is a small- to medium-sized business that is involved in the sale of used books, CDs/DVDs, and computer games. Meager Media has stores in several cities across the U. S. and is planning to bring its inventory online. The company will need to support a credit card transaction processing and e-commerce Web site. Write a summary report detailing what Meager Media must do when setting up its Web site to maintain compliance with the PCI DSS standard. Obtain a copy of the PCI DSS standards document from the following Web site and address all 6 principles and 12 requirements in your report: https://www. pcisecuritystandards. org/security_standards/pci_dss. shtml (accessed September 14, 2010) Required Resources Internet Submission Requirements Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 3–4 pages Due By: Unit 11 Self-Assessment Checklist I have presented a detailed plan for creating a PCI DSS-compliant Web site. I have addressed all 6 principles and 12 requirements of the PCI DSS. Project Security Domains and Strategies Purpose This project provides you an opportunity to apply the competencies gained in various units of this course to identify security challenges and apply strategies of countermeasures in the information systems environment. Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will learn the purpose of a multi-layered security strategy. You will understand the information systems security (ISS) fundamentals including the definition of terms, concepts, elements, and goals. You will incorporate the industry standards and practices with a focus on the confidentiality, integrity, availability, and vulnerabilities of information systems. You will fulfill the role of a security professional implementing proper security controls in a specific business situation based on Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP ®) Common Body of Knowledge domains. Required Source Information and Tools To complete the project, you will need the following: 1. Access to the Internet to perform research for the project 2. Course textbook 3. (ISC)2 SSCP ® Common Body of Knowledge available in the SSCP ® Candidate Information Bulletin Project Logistics The project is divided into one smaller and one major assignment as per the details below: Activity Name Assigned Due By % Grade Project Part 1. Multi-Layered Security Plan Unit 1 Unit 2 6 Project Part 2. Student SSCP ® Domain Research Paper Unit 2 Unit 11 15 Deliverables Project Part 1 Multi-Layered Security Plan Introduction The components that make up cyberspace are not automatically secure. This includes cabling, physical networks, operating systems, and software applications that computers use to connect to the Internet. There is a raging information security war. The goal is to protect national security and business information. Therefore, IT is in great need of proper security controls. Scenario Richman Investments is a mid-level financial investment and consulting firm. The Richman corporate headquarters is located in Phoenix, Arizona. Currently, there are eight branch offices in: Atlanta, Georgia Chicago, Illinois Cincinnati, Ohio Denver, Colorado Los Angeles, California Montreal, Canada New York City, New York Washington, D. C. Tasks You are a networking intern at Richman Investments. This morning, you received an e-mail from your supervisor stating that you need to create an outline of the general security solutions planned for the safety of data and information that belongs to the organization. You are told that every month, the networking division needs to submit a report to the senior management about the security plan for the month, and this time, your outline will become a part of that report. Therefore, you need to research the elements of a multi-layered security plan and to create an outline. Your outline should indicate one or more general security solutions for each of the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure. For this project part, you may use the book for this course and the Internet to research the concept of a multi-layered security plan. Include several applicable layers for the plan, and describe at least one layer of security for each of the seven domains. Project Part 1 should be submitted in the following format and style: Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 1–2 pages Self-Assessment Checklist I have included several applicable layers for the plan. I have described at least one layer of security for each of the seven domains. I have conducted adequate independent research for the report. Project Part 2 Student SSCP ® Domain Research Paper Introduction The (ISC)2 SSCP ® is frequently viewed as the first step in an information security career path, leading to the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP ®) and other advanced certifications. Scenario Continuing the Richman Investments scenario explained in Part 1 of the project, the offices have a total of 5,000 employees, and the office technology inventory includes desktops, mobile computers, and wireless devices. There is a mix of computers running Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Mac OS X. Most of the managers have BlackBerry devices for instant communication, and all employees are provided cell phones. A Windows Active Directory forest with domains is set up for each office, and seven file and print servers are located in the Phoenix office. The Phoenix office also contains two proxy servers, configured as an array, that provide Web cache services and Internet access control for the organization. The majority of applications are Web-based and hosted from the Phoenix office. The Phoenix office has an Internet connection to all the remote offices, and the redundancy is extremely important to the company. There are several sensitive applications that all offices use. The management from each office shares application information that is hosted at the corporate office for accounting and reporting purposes. All employees have Internet access. There is no policy on the use of removable media. Several of the branch offices have encountered issues with malware recently. Richman hosts an intranet for employees to access information about the company and to enroll in company benefits programs. Richman also hosts an extranet for its business partners. Due to many recent technology and process improvements within Richman, the corporate security policy is out of date, and each branch office policy differs. Tasks You are a networking security intern at Richman. You have been asked to submit a proposal to Richman senior management. In the proposal, you must choose to address one of the following and relate it to the appropriate SSCP ® domains: 1. Based on the premise that Richman has 5,000 employees throughout the main office and several branch offices, you must research solutions and detail the appropriate access controls including policies, standards, and procedures that define who users are, what they can do, which resources they can access, and which operations they can perform on a system. 2. Based on the premise that most of the managers have BlackBerry devices for instant communications and all employees are provided cell phones, you must research and detail the cryptography methods to protect organizational information using techniques that ensure its integrity, confidentiality, authenticity, and nonrepudiation, and the recovery of encrypted information in its original form. 3. Based on the premise that there is a mix of computers running Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Mac OS X, you must research and devise a plan to thwart malicious code and activity by implementing countermeasures and prevention techniques for dealing with viruses, worms, logic bombs, Trojan horses, and other related forms of intentionally created deviant code. 4. Based on the premise that all employees have Internet access to browse the Web, there is no policy on the use of removable media, and several of the branch offices have encountered issues with malware recently, you must research and formulate a plan to implement monitoring and analysis. You must determine system implementation and access in accordance with defined IT criteria as well as how to collect information for identification of and response to security breaches or events. 5. Based on the premise that Richman hosts an intranet for employees to access information about the company and enroll in company benefits programs, and that Richman also hosts an extranet for its business partners, you must research and devise a method to secure networks and communications. This should include the network structure, transmission methods and techniques, transport formats, and security measures used to operate both private and public communication networks. 6. Based on the premise that the Phoenix office contains two proxy servers configured as an array, which provide Web cache services and Internet access control for Richman, and that the majority of applications are Web-based and hosted from the Phoenix office, you must assess risk, response, and recovery. Conduct a review of the implementation processes essential to the identification, measurement, and control of loss associated with uncertain events. 7. Based on the premise that the corporate security policy is out of date and each branch office policy differs, you must research and define security operations and administration including the identification of information assets and documentation of policies, standards, procedures, and guidelines that ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability. You need to write the proposal as detailed in the instructions above. Be sure that you create a professional, well-developed proposal with proper documentation, grammar, spelling, and punctuation. In addition, document the vulnerabilities, methods, and controls effectively. Project Part 2 should be submitted in the following format and style: Format: Microsoft Word Font: Arial, Size 12, Double-Space Citation Style: Chicago Manual of Style Length: 4–5 pages Self-Assessment Checklist I have created a professional, well-developed proposal with proper documentation, grammar, spelling, and punctuation. I have successfully identified appropriate SSCP ® domains and related them to the scenario. I have documented the vulnerabilities, methods, and controls effectively. I have conducted adequate independent research for the proposal.

Marybeth Tinning

Marybeth Tinning Between 1971 and 1985, all nine of Marybeth and Joe Tinnings children died. While doctors suspected the children had a newly-discovered death gene, friends and family suspected something more sinister. Marybeth was eventually convicted of second-degree murder in the death of only one of her children. Learn about her life, the lives- and deaths- of her children, and her court cases. Early Life Marybeth Roe was born on September 11, 1942, in Duanesburg, New York. She was an average student at Duanesburg High School and after graduation, she worked at various jobs until she settled in as a nursing assistant at Ellis Hospital in Schenectady, New York. In 1963, at the age of 21, Marybeth met Joe Tinning on a blind date. Joe worked for General Electric as did Marybeths father. He had a quiet disposition and was easy going. The two dated for several months and married in 1965. Marybeth Tinning once said that there were two things she wanted from life- to be married to someone who cared for her and to have children. By 1967 she had reached both goals. The Tinnings first child, Barbara Ann, was born on May 31, 1967. Their second child, Joseph, was born on January 10, 1970. In October 1971, Marybeth was pregnant with their third child, when her father died of a sudden heart attack. This became the first of a series of tragic events for the Tinning family. Suspicious Deaths The Tinnings third child, Jennifer, was born with an infection and died soon after her birth. Within nine weeks, the Tinnings other two children followed. Marybeth had always been odd, but after the death of her first three children, she became withdrawn and suffered severe mood swings. The Tinnings decided to move to a new house hoping that the change would do them good. After the Tinnings fourth and fifth children each died before they were a year old, some doctors suspected that the Tinning children were afflicted with a new disease. However, friends and family suspected that something else was going on. They talked among themselves about how the children seemed healthy and active before they died. They were beginning to ask questions. If it was genetic, why would the Tinnings keep having children? When seeing Marybeth pregnant, they would ask each other, how long this one would last? Family members also noticed how Marybeth would get upset if she felt she wasnt receiving enough attention at the childrens funerals and other family events. In 1974, Joe Tinning was admitted to the hospital because of a near-fatal dose of barbiturate poisoning. Later both he and Marybeth admitted that during this time there was a lot of upheaval in their marriage and that she put the pills, which she had obtained from a friend with an epileptic child, into Joes grape juice. Joe thought their marriage was strong enough to survive the incident and the couple stayed together despite what happened. He was later quoted as saying, You have to believe the wife. In August 1978, the couple decided they wanted to begin the adoption process for a baby boy named Michael who had been living with them as ​a  foster child. Around the same time, Marybeth became pregnant again. Two other biological children of the Tinnings died and Michaels death followed. It was always assumed that a genetic flaw or the death gene was responsible for the death of the Tinnings children, but Michael was adopted. This shed a whole different light on what had been happening with the Tinning children over the years. This time doctors and social workers warned the police that they should be very attentive to Marybeth Tinning. People commented on Marybeths behavior after their ninth child, Tami Lynnes, funeral. She held a brunch at her house for friends and family. Her neighbor noticed that her usual dark demeanor was gone and she seemed sociable as she engaged in the usual chatter that goes on during a get-together. For some, the death of Tami Lynne became the final straw. The hotline at the police station lit up with neighbors, family members and doctors and nurses calling in to report their suspicions about the deaths of the Tinning children. Forensic Pathology Investigation Schenectady Police Chief, Richard E. Nelson contacted forensic pathologist Dr. Michael Baden to ask him some questions about SIDS. One of the first questions he asked was if it was possible that nine children in one family could die of natural causes. Baden told him that it wasnt possible and asked him to send him the case files. He also explained to the chief that children that babies who die from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), also known as crib death, do not turn blue. They look like normal children after they die. If a baby was blue, he suspected it was caused by homicidal asphyxia. Someone had smothered the children. Dr. Baden later wrote a book in which he attributed the deaths of the Tinning children as a result of Marybeth suffering from acute Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome. Dr. Baden described Marybeth Tinning as a sympathy junky. He said, She liked the attention of people feeling sorry for her from the loss of her children. Confession and Denial On February 4, 1986, Schenectady investigators brought Marybeth in for questioning. For several hours she told investigators different events that had occurred with the deaths of her children. She denied having anything to do with their deaths. Hours into the interrogation she broke down and admitted she killed three of the children. I did not do anything to Jennifer, Joseph, Barbara, Michael, Mary Frances, Jonathan, she confessed, Just these three, Timothy, Nathan and Tami. I smothered them each with a pillow because Im not a good mother. Im not a good mother because of the other children. Joe Tinning was brought to the station and he encouraged Marybeth to be honest. In tears, she admitted to Joe what she had admitted to the police. The interrogators then asked Marybeth to go through each of the childrens murders and explain what happened. A 36-page statement was prepared and at the bottom, ​Marybeth ​wrote a brief statement about which of the children she killed (Timothy, Nathan, and Tami) and denied doing anything to the other children. She signed and dated the confession. According to what she said in the statement, she killed Tami Lynne because she would not stop crying. She was arrested and charged with the second-degree murder of Tami Lynne. The investigators could not find enough evidence to charge her with murdering the other children. At the preliminary hearings, ​Marybeth said the police had threatened to dig up the bodies of her children and rip them limb from limb during the interrogation. She said that the 36-page statement was a false confession, just a story that the police were telling and she was just repeating it. Despite her efforts to block her confession, it was decided that the entire 36-page statement would be permitted as evidence at her trial. Trial and Sentencing The murder trial of Marybeth Tinning began in Schenectady County Court on June  22, 1987. A lot of the trial centered on the cause of Tami Lynnes death. The defense had several physicians testify that the Tinning children suffered from a genetic defect which was a new syndrome, a new disease. The prosecution also had their physicians lined up. SIDS expert, Dr. Marie Valdez-Dapena, testified that suffocation rather than disease is what killed Tami Lynne. Marybeth Tinning did not testify during the trial. After 29 hours of deliberation, ​the jury had reached a decision. Marybeth Tinning, 44, was found guilty of second-degree murder of Tami Lynne Tinning. Joe Tinning later told the New York Times that he felt that the jury did their job, but he just had a different opinion on it. During sentencing, Marybeth read a statement in which she said she was sorry that Tami Lynne was dead and that she thought about her every day, but that she had no part in her death. She also said she would never stop trying to prove her innocence. The Lord above and I know I am innocent. One day the whole world will know that I am innocent and maybe then I can have my life back once again or what is left of it. She was sentenced to 20 years to life and was sent to Bedford Hills Prison for Women in New York. Incarceration and Parole Hearings Marybeth Tinning has been up for parole three times since her incarceration. March 2007 To the surprise of many, State Police Investigator, William Barnes, spoke on Marybeths behalf, asking for her release. Barnes was the lead investigator who interrogated Tinning when she confessed to killing three of her nine children.When asked about her crime, Tinning told the parole board, I have to be honest, and the only thing that I can tell you is that I know that my daughter is dead. I live with it every day, she continued, I have no recollection and I cant believe that I harmed her. I cant say any more than that.The Parole Commissioners denied parole, citing that she showed little insight into her crime and displayed little remorse. March 2009 In January 2009, Tinning went before the parole board for the second time. This time Tinning indicated that she remembered more than she did during her first parole hearing.She stated that she was going through bad times when she killed her daughter. The parole board again denied her parole, stating that her remorse was superficial at best. March 2011 Mary Beth was more forthcoming during her last parole hearing. She admitted to smothering Tami Lynne with a pillow but continued to insist that her other children died of SIDS.Asked to describe what insight she had about her actions, she answered, When I look back I see a very damaged and just a messed up person... Sometimes I try not to look in the mirror and when I do, I just, there is no words that I can express now. I feel none. Im just, just none.She also said she has tried to become a better person and ask for help and help others.Mary Beth was denied parole in 2011 and will become eligible again in 2013. Joe Tinning has continued to stand by Mary Beth and visits her regularly at the Bedford Hills Prison for Women in New York, although Marybeth commented during her last parole hearing that the visits were becoming more difficult. Jennifer: Third Child, First to Die Jennifer Tinning was born on December 26, 1971. She was kept hospitalized because of a severe infection and she died eight days later. According to the autopsy report, the cause of death was acute meningitis. Some who attended Jennifers funeral remembered that it seemed more like a social event than a funeral. Any remorse Marybeth was experiencing seemed to dissolve as she became the central focus of her sympathizing friends and family. In Dr. Michael Badens book, Confessions of a Medical Examiner, one of the cases that he profiles is that of Marybeth Tinning. He comments in the book about Jennifer, the one child that most everyone involved in the case kept saying Marybeth did not hurt. She was born with a severe infection and died in the hospital eight days later. Dr. Michael Baden added a different viewpoint on Jennifers death: Jennifer looks to be the victim of a coat hanger. Tinning had been trying to hasten her birth and only succeeded in introducing meningitis. The police theorized that she wanted to deliver the baby on Christmas Day, like Jesus. She thought her father, who had died while she was pregnant, would have been pleased. Joseph: Second Child, Second to Die On January 20, 1972, just 17 days after Jennifer died, Marybeth rushed into the Ellis Hospital emergency room in Schenectady with Joseph, who she said had experienced some sort of seizure. He was quickly revived, checked out and then sent home. Hours later Marybeth returned with Joe, but this time he could not ​be  saved. Tinning told the doctors that she put Joseph down for a nap and when she later checked on him she found him tangled up in the sheets and his skin was blue. There was no autopsy performed, but his death was ruled as​ a  cardio-respiratory arrest. Barbara: First Child, Third to Die Six weeks later, on March 2, 1972, Marybeth again rushed into the same emergency room with 4 1/2-year-old Barbara who was suffering from convulsions. The doctors treated her and advised Tinning that she should stay overnight, but Marybeth refused to leave her and took her home. Within hours Tinning was back at the hospital, but this time Barbara was unconscious and later died at the hospital. The cause of death was brain edema, commonly referred to as swelling of the brain. Some of the doctors suspected that she had Reyes Syndrome, but it was never proven. The police were contacted regarding Barbaras death, but after speaking with the doctors at the hospital the matter was dropped. Timothy: Fourth Child, Fourth to Die On Thanksgiving Day, November 21, 1973, Timothy was born. On December 10, just 3-weeks old, Marybeth found him dead in his crib. The doctors could not find anything wrong with Timothy and blamed his death on SIDS. SIDS was first recognized as a disease in 1969. In the 1970s, there were still many more questions than answers surrounding this mysterious disease. Nathan: Fifth Child, Fifth to Die The Tinnings next child, Nathan, was born on Easter Sunday, March 30, 1975. But like the other Tinning children, his life was cut short. On September 2, 1975, Marybeth rushed him to St. Clares Hospital. She said she was driving with him in the front seat of the car and she noticed he wasnt breathing. The doctors could not find any reason that Nathan was dead and they attributed it to acute pulmonary edema. Mary Francis: Seventh Child, Sixth to Die On October 29, 1978, the couple had a baby girl they named Mary Francis. It wasnt long before Mary Francis would be rushed through hospital emergency doors. The first time was in January 1979 after she had experienced seizures. The doctors treated her and she was sent home. A month later Marybeth again rushed Mary Francis to St. Clares emergency room, but this time she would not be going home. She died shortly after she arrived at the hospital. Another death attributed to SIDS. Jonathan: Eighth Child, Seventh to Die On November 19, 1979, the Tinnings had another baby, Jonathan. By March Marybeth was back at St. Clares hospital with an unconscious Jonathan. This time the doctors at St. Clares sent him to Boston Hospital where he could be treated by specialists. They could not find any medical reason why Jonathan became unconscious and he was returned to his parents. On March 24, 1980, just three days of being home, Marybeth returned to St. Claires with Jonathan. The doctors couldnt help him this time. He was already dead. ​The cause of death was listed as a  cardiopulmonary arrest. Michael: Sixth Child, Eighth to Die The Tinnings had one child left. They were still in the process of adopting Michael who was 2 1/2 years old and seemed healthy and happy. But not for long. On March 2, 1981, Marybeth carried Michael into the pediatricians office. When the doctor went to examine the child it was too late. Michael was dead. An autopsy showed he had pneumonia, but not severe enough to kill him. The nurses at St. Clares talked among themselves, questioning why Marybeth, who lived right across the street from the hospital, did not bring Michael to the hospital like she had so many other times when she had sick children. Instead, she waited until the doctors office was opened even though he showed signs of being sick earlier in the day. It did not make sense. The doctors attributed Michaels death to acute pneumonia, and the Tinnings were not held responsible for his death. However, Marybeths paranoia was increasing. She was uncomfortable with what she thought people were saying and the Tinnings decided to move again. Tami Lynne: Ninth Child, Ninth to Die Marybeth became pregnant and on August 22, 1985, Tami Lynne was born. The doctors carefully monitored Tami Lynne for four months and what they saw was a normal, healthy child. But by December 20th Tami Lynne was dead. The cause of death was listed as SIDS.

Free Essays on Success In High School

High school is a strange time. After two years of trying to develop identity and friends in middle school, students are expected to mature immediately on the first day of ninth grade, but I never did this. I never fully realized in the earlier grades how important high school success is, and how it is measured by GPA. As a result I am applying to college with seemingly contradictory measures of my ability to perform college-level work. If I had worked and studied hard rather than hanging out with friends and viewing high school as an opportunity to socialize, I would not have to apply to school with a 23 ACT score and a 3.3 GPA. Had I taken my grades in my earlier years seriously, I could have been a college's dream candidate. This year I have made an earnest effort to improve my work ethic. My grade point average is rising and my study habits are improving. However, after performing poorly for three years, my GPA cannot reflect the transformation I underwent at the start of my junior year. Dedicated to making something of myself, I finally matured and am now trying to lessen the consequences of my past actions. Armed with my new attitude and my understanding of the extreme importance of earning good grades to signal my capacity to work responsibly, I assure you that I will never revert to the student I once was. In retrospect, I believe that it was my inability to choose my classes that resulted in my lack of enthusiasm on the ride to school each morning. I enjoy the freedom to pursue my own interests and anxiously anticipate the ability to choose my own class schedule in college. While I understand that college will be significantly more challenging than high school, I have always found it easier to study for a class that interests me. I am also willing to accept the fact that as long as I am in school, I will be forced to take required courses that I might be less than enthusiastic about. However, with my new goal-oriented ... Free Essays on Success In High School Free Essays on Success In High School High school is a strange time. After two years of trying to develop identity and friends in middle school, students are expected to mature immediately on the first day of ninth grade, but I never did this. I never fully realized in the earlier grades how important high school success is, and how it is measured by GPA. As a result I am applying to college with seemingly contradictory measures of my ability to perform college-level work. If I had worked and studied hard rather than hanging out with friends and viewing high school as an opportunity to socialize, I would not have to apply to school with a 23 ACT score and a 3.3 GPA. Had I taken my grades in my earlier years seriously, I could have been a college's dream candidate. This year I have made an earnest effort to improve my work ethic. My grade point average is rising and my study habits are improving. However, after performing poorly for three years, my GPA cannot reflect the transformation I underwent at the start of my junior year. Dedicated to making something of myself, I finally matured and am now trying to lessen the consequences of my past actions. Armed with my new attitude and my understanding of the extreme importance of earning good grades to signal my capacity to work responsibly, I assure you that I will never revert to the student I once was. In retrospect, I believe that it was my inability to choose my classes that resulted in my lack of enthusiasm on the ride to school each morning. I enjoy the freedom to pursue my own interests and anxiously anticipate the ability to choose my own class schedule in college. While I understand that college will be significantly more challenging than high school, I have always found it easier to study for a class that interests me. I am also willing to accept the fact that as long as I am in school, I will be forced to take required courses that I might be less than enthusiastic about. However, with my new goal-oriented ...

4 Popular Camel Spider Myths and the Truth Behind Them

4 Popular Camel Spider Myths and the Truth Behind Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You’ve no doubt seen pictures of camel spiders before, usually accompanied by a story about deadly bites, camel eating, or chasing people across the desert. Thanks to chain letters, camel spiders have a reputation as being fearsome, terrifying predators- but is that warranted? In this article, we’ll be covering the facts and fictions of camel spiders, including where they’re found and what they eat, as well as some biological information about how camel spiders fit into their environment. Read on to learn more about camel spiders! JonRichfield/Wikimedia Commons What’s a Camel Spider? Whether you love the Arachnida class or you’d prefer to never see them again, camel spiders, or Solifugae, are pretty intimidating. Part of that comes from their many names- they’re commonly called camel spiders, but also wind scorpions or sun spiders. Anything that can be called either a spider or a scorpion is bound to look a little off-putting, and Solifugae’s long body, many legs, and large fangs certainly don’t help its reputation. In fact, Solifugae are neither true spiders nor true scorpions. Unlike scorpions, they have no tails, and unlike spiders, they do not belong to the order Araneae and lack spinnerets and silk, though they are arachnids. They vary in size, with body lengths usually falling between 2 inches and 3 inches, though their legs can be several inches long, making them look even larger. They also have what appears to be a fifth set of legs, called pedipalps, that work something like antennae. Pedipalps aren’t used for walking, but do aid in locomotion as they help detect obstacles and food. Camel spiders are often associated with Middle Eastern deserts thanks to popular chain letters that began circulating during the Persian Gulf War and the Iraq War. However, that’s not quite accurate- camel spiders have a much wider habitat than most people would care to think about! Where Do Camel Spiders Live? Camel Spiders do live in the deserts of the Middle East, but they also live in a whole lot of other deserts, as well. In fact, they can be found everywhere on earth except Australia and Antarctica. It’s not a surprise that camel spiders can’t be found in Antarctica, but why not Australia? Unfortunately, it’s hard to say- observing solifugids in the wild is quite difficult, and they don’t survive well in captivity. This makes them exceedingly difficult to study. Camel spiders prefer desert biomes, but can also be found in everything from scrub to forests. Because there are some 1,100 subspecies of Solifugae, there’s quite a lot of variance in where they appear and what they eat. JonRichfield/Wikimedia Commons What Do Camel Spiders Eat? So what do camel spiders eat? Is it camels? Humans? Well, it’s a little bit of everything. Camel spiders are carnivorous or omnivorous, so pretty much anything is on the table. This is especially true because camel spiders, unlike many similar creatures, don’t just spin a web and wait for prey to come to them. Solifugids are hunters. They run, and they run fast- about 10 miles per hour. Their speed means they can eat everything from small insects to lizards, birds, and rodents depending on availability. Camel spiders use their chelicerae, a scientific name for the jaws of the arthropod group Chelicerata, to cut into prey. Their chelicerae function similar to a crab’s pincers, allowing camel spiders to do everything from shearing feathers to cutting through bone. However, it’s important to note that, while fast and strong, camel spiders primarily hunt for food that is only a bit bigger than they are. They don’t have venom of any kind, and though their bites can be painful (their chelicerae are no joke), they are simply not equipped for consuming large, strong prey, including camels and humans. Braboowi/Wikimedia Commons Common Myths About Camel Spiders One of the primary sources for interest in camel spiders comes from a chain letter circulated in the early 90s and again toward the beginning of the Iraq War, which reads: From someone stationed in Baghdad. He was recently bitten by a camel spider which was hiding in his sleeping bag. I thought you’d like to see what a camel spider looks like. It’ll give you a better idea of what our troops are dealing with. Enclosed is a picture of his friend holding up two spiders. Warning: not for the squeamish! This picture is a perfect example of why you don’t want to go to the desert. These are 2 of the biggest I’ve ever seen. With a vertical leap that would make a pro basketball player weep with envy (they have to be able to jump up on to a camels stomach after all), they latch on and inject you with a local anesthesia so you can’t feel it feeding on you. They eat flesh, not just suck out your juices like a normal spider. I’m gonna be having nightmares after seeing this photo! Is any of this true? Should we really be fearing that camel spiders are going to creep up on people while they’re sleeping, numb them, and eat their flesh? Let’s take a look at some of the most prominent things people believe about camel spiders and whether or not they’re accurate. Myth 1: Camel Spiders Are Huge Camel spiders aren’t small- they range in size from two to three inches in the body, plus several inches of legs- but many famous photos of the creatures often make them look as if they’re more like a foot or so in length. This kind of trickery can be accomplished with careful positioning, making it look as though a camel spider is the same size as a human leg when in fact it is just a few inches long. Myth 2: Camel Spiders Are So Named Because They Eat Camels According to urban legend, camel spiders are particularly frightening spiders that jump up, grab a camel’s belly, inject them with a numbing venom, and eat chunks from their bodies. Naturally, this horrific story could also happen to people. However, almost none of this is true. Camel spiders don’t jump, as they have no need to- their pedipalps seek out prey in front of them, which is more than sufficient in keeping them fed. Since they don’t jump, they definitely don’t cling to a camel’s body. But could one inject venom into a sleeping camel? Nope, because camel spiders don’t have any venom. Their jaws do more than enough to keep them fed. Though they are hunters, they primarily hunt things that are around their size or slightly smaller, and their chelicerae are quite capable of killing and cutting prey on their own. Once food has been chopped up, it’s liquified and eaten. So in a sense, that last part of the myth- that camel spiders eat chunks of flesh- is sort of true, but there’s no jumping, no venom, and no camels involved. Myth 3: Camel Spiders Chase People As previously mentioned, camel spiders are fast. But as we know, camel spiders don’t eat people and therefore have no real reason to chase them. So why might a camel spider be seen to chase a human anyway? Camel spiders are nocturnal. Desert nights are cooler, and camel spiders do their hunting at night. If you see a camel spider out in the day, it’s probably looking for shade- something a human can offer through its shadow. That’s why it may look as though a camel spider is chasing a person. It might run after a human, pausing when the human pauses, in search of cool shade. Myth 4: Camel Spiders Scream as They Chase People We’ve already established that camel spiders might follow people to stay in the shade of their shadow, but â€Å"chasing† isn’t quite accurate. It should be no surprise that the claim that they scream as they’re chasing people is also false. Camel spiders may stridulate- rubbing together two body parts to produce a sound- but do not actually scream. Stridulation may produce a buzzing or hissing sound, but not a scream. It’s all an urban legend! What’s Next? If you find camel spider biology interesting, AP biology may be the class for you! Take a look through the AP biology syllabus to see if it interests you. Does your spider interest extend beyond camel spiders? Learn about garden spiders and why most people don't need to worry about them here. Need some help studying for AP biology? These AP biology notes can help you out! 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Business strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Business strategy - Essay Example 6 Environmental auditing †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Shareholder’s analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Alternative strategy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 Future strategy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 Task 3 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 Roles and responsi bility of strategies †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 Strategy requirements †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 Targets and timescales †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 Introduction The business world has become increasingly competitive over the past few years and has necessitated that proper strategies be put in place to govern and define it. Various companies such as Apple Inc. have been involved in enacting strategies aimed at helping thei r company gain a competitive edge. A few of these specialized strategies Some of these strategies involve engaging in activities that make a company more able to derive a greater degree of revenue while at the same time reducing the costs of operation. For instance, Apple Inc. has decided to take advantage of the high demand of smart TVs within the current market as a main strategy of exercising a degree of competitive advantage within this specific sector. Further, the company has also been conducting aggressive marketing strategies aimed at gaining a competitive edge over its main rivals such as Samsung. Task 1: Demonstration of strategic planning processes: For the purpose of this paper, the selected organization will be Apple Inc.; one of the most successful multinational corporations with subsidiaries worldwide. It deals with the production of the communication equipment such as the iPhone as well as the creation of a litany of other consumer electronics. Further, the firm has also engaged in the development of different software for various applications. Currently, the company is in the process of production of new product lines which, according to management at the firm, will enable the company to gain a competitive advantage over its main competitors; Samsung, Huawei, and Google (Papalexandris et al, 2004, p. 90). Many analysts have pointed to the fact that the company is a market leader with respect to the massive amount of technical innovation and development that they are able to generate each and every quarter/year. As a function of this specialty and drive, the firm is able to make state of art goods; helping to explain why most of the goods from this company are in such high demand. Apple has many major opportunities owing to the fact that is has not yet been able to saturate markets; especially in the developing world. Despite the fact that its goods are expensive, they are in high demand due to their high quality and unique appeal that the bran d is able to generate. Currently, the company, just like many others, has been facing increased economic challenges. This is especially true after the 2007/2008 economic meltdown. However, to overcome this challenge, the management has been able to engage in a series of