General Contracting Business Plan - 2132 Words

Table of Contents Executive summary Pg 1 Services Pg 2 Strengths Weaknesses Pg 3 Business form Pg 4 Location Pg 5 Prices Pg 6 Organization chart Pg 7 Style of Leadership Pg 8 Media Pg 8-9 Finance Pg 9 Conclusion Pg10 References Pg11 Business Tax Forms needed Pg12 - 17 Executive summary I will show in this project the steps I will need to take to start my own business, I will discuss information about my services to the customers, strengths and weaknesses, business form I will implement. At this moment I am preparing myself to start my business from home and will find out how this will benefit me as an initial start up. I will talk about pricing and of course being a new company I will†¦show more content†¦1. Computer business development. 2. Reliability. 3. Costumer relations. 4. Leadership and Management skills. 5. Responsibility. 6. All office software and hardware to run business effectively, fastest computer today, dual monitor to view calendar/e-mails and have an open web page or phone system, fast office printer, wireless phone system used with computer at office, cell phone with blue tooth capabilities to provide internet to lap top computer when working out of office and abilities to connect to office computer from anywhere in the world. I have learned many styles of managing a business by seeing and working with different owners and different attitudes. I will lead by example in my business, as per (Nickels, McHugh McHugh, 2008, pg. 94) estates, that â€Å"Organizational ethics begin at the top of a company’s command†. Business Form I will start my business as a Sole Proprietorship because it is the easiest way to start a business and I do not need to hire a lawyer to do it. I have most tools of work and can begin working by myself from home. Since I have my office space and all electronic devices I need to make flyers and web spaces online to link my business to potential customers, I can start letting people know I am in business now. I will need to fill out a DBA form and submitted to the city of Liverpool’s county clerk’s office. I am attaching the other forms needed to start a Sole Proprietorship, forms like 1040 for individualShow MoreRelatedGeneral Fund Enterprise Business System1713 Words   |  7 Pagesless than successful. This is the story of the USPFO for California and their poor managing of two simultaneous transformational changes to the organization: transitioning to the General Fund Enterprise Business System (GFEBS) and splitting and relocating the organization to two distant locales. The strategic plan was ill-fated and resulted in a leadership/employee estrangement and a silent organizational civil war. 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Police Brutality - 2853 Words

Police Protality: Introduction Police brutality has been and continues to be of major concern in society. First of all, police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks or slurs, and threats by any law enforcement officer. Efforts to police communities, throughout history, have been tainted by brutality ans abuse of power to some degree. The term police brutality is commonly used very loosely to any and all forms of police misconduct. When in reality, the excessive force element of police misconduct is what clearly defines police brutality and abuse. By taking a quick look at http://www.injusticeeverywhere.com/?page_id=3336, we can see that†¦show more content†¦Cases of police brutality appear to have been frequent then, with the routine bludgeoning of citizens by patrolmen armed with nightsticks or blackjacks.[5] Large-scale incidents of brutality were associated with labor strikes, such as the Great Railroad Stri ke of 1877, the Pullman Strike of 1894, the Lawrence textile strike of 1912, the Ludlow massacre of 1914, the Steel strike of 1919, and the Hanapepe massacre of 1924. Portions of the population may perceive the police to be oppressors. In addition, there is a perception that victims of police brutality often belong to relatively powerless groups, such as minorities, the disabled, the young, and the poor.[6] Hubert Locke writes, When used in print or as the battle cry in a black power rally, police brutality can by implication cover a number of practices, from calling a citizen by his or her first name to a death by a policeman s bullet. What the average citizen thinks of when he hears the term, however, is something midway between these two occurrences, something more akin to what the police profession knows as alley court—the wanton vicious beating of a person in custody, usually while handcuffed, and usually taking place somewhere between the scene of the arrest and the station house.[7] Screenshots of King lying down and being beaten by LAPD officers In 1991, Los Angeles police harshly beat African American Rodney King while a civilian videotaped the incident, leading to extensive media coverageShow MoreRelatedA Report On Police Brutality1367 Words   |  6 PagesStudent Name Instructor Date Course Police Brutality There is various forms of human rights violation currently in the United States, however; Police abuse remains the most serious of them all. Police brutality is, therefore, the use of excessive force or even unnecessary force by the police while they are dealing with civilians. 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The controversies that surround the topic of police brutality relate to different definitions and expectations over what is meant by excessive force. Indeed, police officers are expressly authorized to use necessary, reasonable force to perform their duties. As Jerome Skolnick, an influential police scholar in the United States, underscores: â€Å"as long as members of society do not comply with the law and resist the police, forceRead MorePolice Brutality And The Police851 Words   |  4 Pagesthe police, your opinion may vary. Let me ask you a question about our police force. But keep this in mind, in October 2015 alone, there was 81 deaths by the police. With that being said, who’s to protect us from whose protecting the block? I don t care who you are, you have to be able to realize nowadays that the police brutality is getting out of hand, that the power surge is growing and growing. 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Hamlet Revenge Was Not An Act Of The Self Essay Example For Students

Hamlet Revenge Was Not An Act Of The Self Essay In Hamlet, Shakespeare uses revenge as a major theme present throughout the work. Revenge plays a crucial role in the development of Fortinbras, Prince of Norway, Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, and Laertes, son of Polonius. All three men seek revenge for the murder of their fathers. Revenge can be interpreted as a separate character in Hamlet. Revenge is set to overcome anyone who seeks it. Initially, after each of the murders, every son had a definite course of action to obtain vengeance. Or in Hamlets case the choice was to seek no vengeance. As the play unfolds, each young man approaches the desire for revenge and chooses a different path towards gaining it based on the guidance of another character in the play. Fortinbras good decisions and self-control, as well as, Hamlet and Laertes bad decisions can be attributed to the outside guidance they receive. Fortinbras, son of the slain King of Norway, is the first to seek revenge. Although King Hamlet, the now deceased King of Denmark, held sole responsibility for the death of King Fortinbras, young Prince Fortinbras seeks vengeance toward the entire country of Denmark. Horatio, a friend of Hamlets, said, ?As it doth well appear unto our state, but to recover of us by strong hand and terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands so by his father lost (I.i.101-104). By this, Horatio is saying Fortinbras plans to forcefully regain the land King Hamlet took from King Fortinbras. Fortunately, King Claudius, the new King of Denmark, intervenes and sends two courtiers, Cornelius and Voltemand, to Norway in hopes of convincing the new King of Norway, Fortinbras uncle, to prevent the attack. Upon hearing the message, Fortinbras uncle vetoes Fortinbras plan to wage war on Denmark. However, he encourages Fortinbras ?to employ his anger, against the Polack? in order to vent his rage (II.ii. 74-75). After taking the advice of his uncle, Fortinbras additionally ?makes vow before his uncle never more to have th assay of arms against your majesty,? (II.ii.70-71). This intervention could be what saves Fortinbras life. With the counseling of his uncle, Fortinbras is able to put aside his longing to settle the score for his fathers murder. In the end, he is greatly rewarded. Because of his persistent doubt of whether Claudius did, in fact, kill his father Hamlet defers making plans to act out his revenge. Hamlet is the hardest of the three sons to be influenced to act vengefully. Although deeply sorrowed by his fathers death, he did not consider payback as an option until he meets with the ghost of his father. The ghost tells Hamlet King Claudius, his own brother, murdered him. The ghost then tells Hamlet ?to revenge his foul and most unnatural murder? (I. v.25). Although murder was an acceptable form of revenge in Hamlets time he is uncertain about killing Claudius. However, upon his fathers command, Hamlet reluctantly swears to retaliate against Claudius. Hamlet does this not because he wants to, but because his father makes it clear that it is his duty as a son. Hamlet promises to prove his love and duty by killing Claudius.Hamlet, unlike Fortinbras and Laertes, did not follow what his advisor told him without questioning why he should take the advice. As time passes, Hamlet still has not acted out the revenge he promised his father. Out of disgust for his irreverence for his father he says, ?why, what an ass am I! This is most brave, that I, the son of a dear father murdered, prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, must like a whore, unpack my heart with words and fall a-cursing like a very drab? (II.ii.594-598). This statement prompts one to believe Hamlet has been convinced by his fathers words to act, but does not want to do so hastily. .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 , .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .postImageUrl , .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 , .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3:hover , .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3:visited , .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3:active { border:0!important; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3:active , .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3 .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf0615e044ffb3fc4164e96a2bd2c94c3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Malcolm X Essay Hamlet questions the validity of his revenge by devising a plan to provide evidence of King Claudius guilt. Hamlet took advantage of his position at the local theater by instructing his actors to perform a play, which reenacts a murder similar to his fathers. Then based on Claudius response to the play, Hamlet could conclude his guilt or innocence. Hamlet says, ?Ill have these players play something like the murder of my father before mine uncle. Ill observe his looks, Ill tent him to the quick? (II.ii.607-609). After seeing Claudius response to the play, Hamlet affirms the Kings guilt and proceeds with his plan to kill him. Hamlet had a stronger conscience than Fortinbras or Laertes, therefore, he gave the most thought to his strategy of revenge.Even after Hamlet decides to kill Claudius, he continues to question how his revenge will affect himself, as well as, the King. In Hamlets ?to be, or not to be? soliloquy, he says, ?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all? (III.i. 83). By conscience, Hamlet is referring to looking into his mind and feelings. Hamlet is saying his conscience is in turmoil; his world is falling apart. Although he fears the consequences of murdering Claudius it seems like he feels obligated by guilt to continue with his plan. Because of the responsibility his father placed upon him, Hamlet is overcome with rage. Now, he not only wants to kill Claudius, but he wants to ensure that Claudius will go to hell when he is killed. In a vain attempt to slay King Claudius Hamlet inadvertently kills Polonius. Even after all the careful consideration Hamlet gave to planning his revenge he makes that deadly mistake. Laertes puts the least amount of thought into his revenge and is the most easily influenced of the three sons. He confronts Claudius at once after hearing about his father, Polonius, death. Claudius tells Laertes Hamlet slew his father. Laertes vows to kill Hamlet by saying, ?Let come what comes, only Ill be revenged most thoroughly for my father,? (IV. v.135-136). When King Claudius inquires how Laertes plans to kill Hamlet, Laertes replies, ?to cut his throat I the church!? (IV.vii. 127). The king advises Laertes to wait until Hamlet returns home to kill him. Claudius wants to invite Frenchmen to bet on the duel between Hamlet and Claudius. King Claudius claims Hamlet will not want to fight and assures Laertes victory. The kings plan was to kill Hamlet was supposedly foolproof. Laertes would fight with a poison-tipped sword and Hamlet would be served poisoned wine to ensure his death.When Laertes confronts Hamlet he is so blinded by rage he refuses to consider Hamlets apology. Laertes proceeds to fight Hamlet with his poisoned sword. During the swordfight both men are wounded. Laertes plan to seek revenge on Hamlet was successful, but it cost him his own life. Laertes was firm in his desire for revenge. It is definite that he would have sought revenge regardless of advice from anyone. However, he may not have died if it had not been for King Claudius advice. In Hamlets dying moment he attacks Claudius and forces him to drink the poison, which Claudius had intended to kill Hamlet. Thus, Hamlet avenged his fathers death. Unfortunately, he was dying of the wound inflicted by Laertes. As Hamlet is dying he wills his fathers land and crown to Fortinbras. Due to the guidance of King Claudius, young Fortinbras regained his fathers land without the use of violence, or death to himself.The chain of events leading to the success of Fortinbras and the failure of Hamlet and Laertes was initiated by a command from someone close to them. King Claudius had an ulterior motive of saving his land, yet by telling Fortinbras uncle of Fortinbras plan to attack Denmark his uncle was able to deter his nephews anger. .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd , .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .postImageUrl , .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd , .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd:hover , .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd:visited , .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd:active { border:0!important; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd:active , .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf6d87d6d6991c5b9d329fd60d0bd2ddd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What Caused The Civil War Essay By choosing not to attack Denmark Fortinbras was able to avoid harms way. The ghost of Hamlets father caused Hamlets death by advising Hamlet to seek revenge. Before his encounter with his father Hamlet did not want any part in the act of revenge. In attempt to pursue his fathers wishes Hamlet kills Polonius, which causes his death. When Laertes listens to King Claudius he brings death upon both of them. Laertes did not think his sword would be used against him. In the end, the mens fate was determined not only by their own feelings, but by the actions taken under the command of another person. For Hamlet and Laertes successful revenge led them to death. The guidance he received, as well as, inner strength surmounted Fortinbras need for revenge and led him to happiness.

Nursing Case Study for Coronary Care Unit - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theNursing Case Study for Coronary Care Unit. Answer: The given case study is about the incident that took place with a newly qualified graduate nurse inner transition program of the tertiary ward in Sydney hospital. The given case is about the incident in the coronary Care Unit of the hospital where, the nurse has been working for the last 6 months. All the nurses have to work swiftly in order to maintain the fast pace activities within the ward. The given incident is about a busy morning where, the nurse and her assistant Mary had to administer the S8 drug to the patient. The nurse and her assistant go to the respective cupboard and collect the medication according the description given in the medication chart. Proper dosage of the medicine is taken within the cup and is mixed properly before giving it to the patient. Together the nurse and her assistant Mary complete the procedure of giving the drugs to the patient according to the description that is given within the chart of the medicine. Targin tablet was needed to be given along with the S8 medication in the dosage of 2.5mg. However, after the medication has been given to the patient the nurse notices that instead of targain tablet the patient has been given endrone tablet, which was also present within the medication cupboard alongside targain. The nurse feels guilty about the mistake and immediately informed the same to her assistant. The nurse immediately realize that it is important for her to inform the mistake not only to the patient but also to the doctors, who can take proper steps in order to minimize the effect of the mistake. The given case is about the wrong medication that has been provided by the nurse to the patient of the Sydney Hospital. Medication errors have been one of the major parts of all type of medical errors that are caused among nurse and other Healthcare workers. The cause of this medication error can however be identified with the help of proper theories that is relevant the activities of the nurses. It can be said that some kinds of error in the nursing practice are inevitable due to the complexity of the task and also the high level of stress that are involved in the overall process. One of the major common causes of drug mistakes administered by the nurse is due to the fact that in most cases abbreviations of the drugs are used in the medicine instead of the full name (Nursing Council, 2008). Hence, lack of Pharmaceutical knowledge among the nurses about the abbreviations used in every particular drug can be one of the major causes. Moreover, in the given case the nurse is only havin g experience of 6 months of walking in the coronary Care Unit which is one of the busy words of the Sydney Hospital. Hence, lack of experience of the nurse and also having the pressure of working in the busy wards are few of the major causes of the error that has occurred. Due to the abbreviations used, it may not be possible for the inexperienced nurse to identify the correct drug during the time of pressure and hurry in the hospital ward. In many cases, it has been seen that the drugs are also not keep properly in the hospital that can help the nurses to properly identify during the time of crisis and hurry. Hence, due to the lack of proper distribution system of medication it is not possible for the nurses to properly identify the correct drugs for the patient ("Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Professional standards", 2017). With the help of the relevant theories related to medication error it is possible to properly identify the root causes among nurses that forces them to force them to commit the mistakes. It can be also said in the context that in most of the nursing courses the students and not given practical experience about the proper identification of Pharmaceutical drugs (Krautscheid, 2014). There is also lack of theoretical knowledge among many nurses about the Pharmaceutical information that is needed to properly identify the drugs using the abbreviations that are used in the packaging. They also do not have proper information about the composition of each of the Pharmaceutical drugs that can be used as a proper method of identification. It is important for the nurses to properly identify all the causes in order to avoid and implement proper intervention measures in order to minimize the medication error and also the adverse effect that the patients had to encounter ("Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Professional standards", 2017). It is important for all nurses to take proper intervention measures in minimum amount of time in order to minimize the effects of medication errors. If I am involved in similar situation that has been described in the given case study, immediately after I realize the medication error I would inform the doctors, who are present within the nursing ward about the whole incident. I would immediately not the time of administering the incorrect medication to the respective patient. I will also inform the doctor about the medical background of the patient who has been administered with wrong medication. I will properly document all the information that is available about the drug that has been mistakenly administered to the patient and consult with the doctors about the immediate effect. I will also inform the patient about the consequence of the events so that they become aware about the event and can take proper intervention steps. I will also inform the total incident to the hospital supervisor. In case there is any clinical retardation among the patient, I will take proper note of the incident. As one of the registered nurse of the hospital, I will take full responsibility of the mistake that has occurred and also ensure that I take proper training in order to improve upon my skills related to pharmaceuticals knowledge. One of the important roles of all the nurses in the context is to respond properly according to the signs and symptoms that are displayed by the patient after administration of the incorrect medication (Scanlon et al., 2016). It may be normal for the patient to react abnormally after they are informed about the medication errors. It is my duty as a nurse to fully assure the patient and their family about the immediate actions that are taken by the doctors in order to minimize the adverse effects of this error. It is the duty of the nurses to deal with all types of adverse effects and causes of deteriorating condition of the patient. It will be also my moral duty to properly inform all the nurses within the hospital about the consequence of the medical errors. This will help to increase the level of awareness among all other nurses, which will help them to be more cautious while administering drugs to the patient and thereby avoid similar circumstances in the future event. I will share my experience in detail and also about the incidents that are involved with case and have forced me to commit the mistakes. In the light of the events, it is also my duty to raise the level of awareness among the other nurses that will not allow them to fall in such similar incidents in the future. I can also suggest to the hospital administration about the changes in the nursing training practices that can be incorporated in order to avoid similar incidents in the future cases of the hospital. Reference Krautscheid, L. C. (2014). Defining professional nursing accountability: a literature review. Journal of Professional Nursing, 30(1), 43-47. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Professional standards. (2017). Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 19 August 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards.aspx Nursing, A., Council, M. (2008). Codes of Professional Conduct Ethics for Nurses Midwives in Australia 2008. Nurses Board of South Australia. Scanlon, A., Cashin, A., Bryce, J., Kelly, J. G., Buckely, T. (2016). The complexities of defining nurse practitioner scope of practice in the Australian context. Collegian, 23(1), 129-142.

Animal Testing Essays (897 words) - Animal Welfare, Animal Testing

Animal Testing Traditionally, animals have been used to ensure the safety of our consumer products and drugs. Yet around the world, scientists, regulators and animal protectionists work together to develop alternatives to their use. The use of animals in the life sciences dates back to ancient Greece and the earliest medical experiments. To learn about swallowing, physicians cut open into the throat of a living pig. To study the beating heart, they cut open into its chest. For centuries physicians and researchers used animals to enhance their knowledge about how the various organs and systems of the body functioned, as well as to hone their surgical skills. As long as animals have been used in experiments, people have expressed concerns about such research. Questions about the morality, necessity, and scientific validity of animal experiments have arisen since those ancient physicians first began to study bodily functions. Alternatives are methods, which refine existing tests by minimizing animal distress, reduce the number of animals necessary for an experiment or replace whole animal use with vitro or other tests. While vivisection has received more attention and funding, clinical and epidemiological (studying the natural course of disease within human population) studies have had a much more profound impact on human health. In fact, clinical and epidemiological evidence linking smoking to lung cancer was established long before warnings of the dangers of smoking were released to the general public. Because animal experimentation failed to each the same conclusion, warning labels on cigarettes were delayed for years! During this time hundreds of people died from lung cancer because the results of animal experimentation were considered more valid than studies of human patients. Animal based research is the science of the past. There are a number of alternatives available to modern researchers, which are less expensive, more reliable, and ethically sound. They provide results rapidly, experimental parameters are easily controlled, and their focus on the cellular and molecular levels of the life process provides more useful information about chemicals and drugs. High Productive Volume Tests, test a minimal amount of a product on an abundant amount of animals. Two - hundred baby rats, just three weeks old are placed in wire - bottomed stainless - steel cages. Twice daily Monday thru Friday, laboratory workers pull the small mammals from their cages, force steel clamps into their mouths to hold their jaws apart and swab their teeth with an anti - cavity dental chemical. After three weeks, the workers kill the baby rats by cutting off their teeth. The procedures are called Biological Tests for Tests Flouride Dentifrices and :Determination of Animal Carries Reduction - puzzling terms to most of us. But the meaning is deadly to animals. The officials who order this test work for the U. S. government 's FDA has made exceptions for manufacturers, including Tom's of Maine, that wanted to market new toothpastes without any tests on animals. If some companies can manufacture safe, effective anti - cavity toothpastes without using any animals, why can't all dental product companies stop killing animals? Philosopher Jeremy Bentham sounded the rallying cry for animals everywhere: The question is not, can they reason, nor can they talk, but can they suffer? The Animal Welfare Act sets standards for the housing, handling, feeding, and transportation of experimental animals, but places no limitations whatsoever on the actual experimental conditions and procedures continue to challenge, whether human beings have the right to use animals for any purpose. The HPV Program sounds so important, right? Wrong! Because no resulting action will be taken against the chemicals involved in this program. Instead of protecting the public from hazardous chemicals, the EPA will inform us of how quickly mice and rabbits died when force - fed a chemical, or how many mouse pups were stillborn after their mother was force - fed massive quantities of already known toxic chemicals. Every medical advancement has not been a result of animal testing. Results derived from animal experiments have had a very minimal effect on the dramatic rise of life expectancy can be attributed mainly to changes in lifestyles, environmental factors, and improvements in sanitation. Many medical school's in the U. S. do not use animals in the training of medical students. They include: NYU, University of Michigan, and SUNY Stonybrook. Actually, most of the medical schools which do use animals allow students the option of foregoing the animal labs. This is because they clearly acknowledge that such labs are not necessary for the training of doctors. When a newly released drug hits the market, regardless of how many animal tests have been done,

Difference Between Private and Independent Schools

Difference Between Private and Independent Schools When public school just isnt working to help a child succeed and meet his or her fullest potential, its not uncommon for  families to start to consider alternative options for elementary, middle or high school education. When this research begins, most likely private schools will start popping up as one of those options. Start doing more research, and youll likely encounter a variety of information that includes information and profiles on both private schools and independent schools, which might leave you scratching your head. Are they the same thing? Whats the difference? Lets explore.   Similarities Between Private and Independent Schools There is one big similarity between private and independent schools, and that is the fact  that they are non-public schools. In other words, they are schools which are funded by their own resources, and do not receive public funding from the state or federal government.   Differences Between Private and Independent Schools But it seems as though the terms private school and independent school are often used as though they mean the same thing. The truth is, they are both the same and different. Even more confused? Lets break it down. In general,  independent schools are actually considered private schools, but not all private schools are independent. So an independent school can call itself private or independent, but a private school cannot always refer to itself as independent. Why? Well, this subtle distinction between a private school and an independent school has to do with the legal structure of each, how they are governed, and how they are funded. An independent school has a truly independent board of trustees that oversees the schools operation, while a  private school can theoretically be part of another entity, such as a for profit corporation or a not for profit organization such as a church or synagogue. An independent board of trustees often meets several times a year to discuss the schools overall health, including finances, reputation, improvement, facilities, and other important aspects of the schools success. The administration at an independent school is responsible for carrying out a strategic plan that ensures the schools on-going success, and reports to the board regularly on progress and how they will address or are addressing any challenges the school may face.   External organizations, such as a religious group or other for-profit or not-for-profit organization,  that can provide financial assistance to a private school, not an independent school, will make the school less dependent on tuition and charitable donations for survival. However, these private schools may incur regulations and/or restrictions from the associated organization, such as mandated enrollment restrictions and curricular advancements. Independent schools, on the other hand, typically have a unique mission statement, and are financed by tuition payments and charitable donations. Often, independent school tuitions are more expensive than their private school counterparts, which is because most independent schools rely mostly on tuition to fund its daily operations.   Independent schools are accredited by the National Association of Independent Schools, or NAIS, and often have stricter rules for governance than some private schools. Through NAIS, individual states or regions have approved accrediting bodies that work to ensure all schools within their respective regions meet rigorous requirements in order to achieve accreditation status, a process that occurs every 5 years. Independent schools also typically have large endowments and large facilities, and include both boarding and day schools. Independent schools may have a religious affiliation, and may include religious studies as part of the schools philosophy, but they are governed by an independent board of trustees and not a larger religious organization. If an independent school wishes to change an aspect of its operations, such as eliminating religious studies, they only need the approval of their board of trustees and not a governing religious institution. The State of Utah Office of Education offers a typical definition of a private school:A school that is controlled by an individual or agency other than a governmental entity, which is usually supported primarily by other than public funds, and the operation of whose program rests with someone other than publicly elected or appointed officials. McGraw-Hills Higher Education site defines an independent school as nonpublic school unaffiliated with any church or other agency. Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Your task is to use a range of such perspectives to analyse the Essay

Your task is to use a range of such perspectives to analyse the management and decision making at cadbury using several these viewpoints - Essay Example PRICE- should the products be priced higher or lower than those ÃŽ ¿f competitors? In local areas, most corner shops sell Cadbury chocolate at the same price as competitor e.g. Cadbury whole nut costs 35 pence, while a Mars bar and Galaxy bar cost 35 pence as well. PLACE- where will customers want to buy the products? Cadbury sells its products to shops (business) that deal with beverages and confectionery e.g. corners shops, super stores (Iceland, Sainsbury, Kwick Save, Tesco, Asda, Safeway), petrol station etc. these business are usually visited by customers on a daily bases. PROMOTION- where should the products be advertised, to suit the needs ÃŽ ¿f the businesss target market? Cadbury advertises its products on television, Internet, billposter, in beverages and confectionery business by hanging posters. This would help Cadbury to achieve ones ÃŽ ¿f its objectives, which is "to be the Number one product in a given market". By achieving this objective it would lead them to achieve the other objective, such as "maximising profit etc. (refer to objective on page 4). The research and development department is the department that researches new products and develops the old products. To remain successful, business must constantly work to create new and better products and processes. Development- this involves turning the findings ÃŽ ¿f the research into useful products or processes. If Cadbury had a mishap with a chocolate, the research and development department would try to correct the mishap. The research and development department must work closely with the marketing and production departments in particular this is because marketing and production are the beginning and end ÃŽ ¿f producing a product. Cadbury has more than one management style. This is so it has the best management. This is in terms ÃŽ ¿f efficiency, training, and knowledge and to focus more on the loyalty ÃŽ ¿f the workers in Cadbury. Cadbury has three management styles, which are: Democratic

Financial viability within a health care organization Essay

Financial viability within a health care organization - Essay Example On the other hand, finance deals with concepts, methods, and principles of managing the relevant accounting data for the purposes of attaining certain goals for the business or any given organization (Wiedemann, 2009). Finance involves an aspect of management precisely because it anchors on decision making using available information. Generally, the process of financial management involves the determination of a range of factors that determine the performance of a business or organization. Alternative definitions have explained the difference between accounting and finance by terming finance as a decision science, which relies on the rational methods and means supplied by accounting to arrive at informed decisions, which appertain to the performance of an organization (Wiedemann, 2009). Some theorists have extended this definition to infer that accounting is subordinate to financial management to the extent that it supplies the raw data on which it builds its synthesis. However, experts emphasize on the complementary relationship between the two fields with clear demarcations of areas of specialization. Finance is largely used within the ranks of management although it applies to all levels that have particular interest in financial predictions, budgeting, risk analyses, performance projections, and many other attributes the determine the daily running of businesses and non-profit organizations. The multiple natures of application of the theories and principles of fin ance lend itself to various interpretations in connection with nature of processes and type of organization. The accounting processes and financial management in a healthcare sector are special and different from the usual processes as they relate to normal businesses. According to some financial analysts, the major distinguishing aspect of healthcare finance and accounting is that sources of income are not directly connected to the beneficiaries of

Police work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Police work - Essay Example In addition, the officers have the duty of controlling traffic and executing any other duties as designated by their commanders (Perez, 2011). The process of becoming a police officer varies from one country to the other because the laws of different countries have set different of becoming a police officer. There are four basic requirements to be fulfilled by any person who want to become a police officer. The first requirement is that one must have attained a legal age of 21 years, be a citizen of the United State and have a valid driving licence. Secondly, one must be morally upright. This means that a person who intends to become a police officer should not have been convicted of crime and felonies during his/her teenage life. Therefore, teenagers are urged to shun any form of crime and domestic misdemeanour because it may disqualify them of becoming a police officer. The third step entails having a good credit record. This means that for one to be considered to a position of a police officer one should have clean credit record. This may involve avoiding debts accumulation and paying creditors promptly. It is therefore , vital for a person with a passion of becoming a police officer to have a good credit rating to qualify for a position of a police officer. The forth step involves having a good job experience. This involves having any little experience that may help the recruiters to see that one is responsible person and can be in a position to work both as an individual as well as a team member. The fifth requirement involves being physically feet according to the health standards for all police officers. For example, police officers are expected to have muscle reflex, being able to run short and long g distances as well as being to lift heavy objects. The sixth requirement involves understanding what the work of a police officer is as well as how they should relate with the general public (Northeast Editing,

Telemedicine for Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Telemedicine for Type II Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus is a common chronic disease that requires lifelong medical care and control as well as constant patient self-management, education and support to prevent severe complications and to reduce the incidence of long-term complication70. Type II diabetes mellitus is increasingly common, mainly because of increase in the prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle and obesity1. This study evaluates and compares whether an intervention using SMS and telephone call would improve plasma blood glucoses levels (HbA1c, FBS, PPBS) for three months in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Similar study was conducted by Piette et al. (2001) in which patients in a telephone disease management group had a reduction of HbA1c during the one year study period79. Hanauer et al. (2009) used email and SMS reminders to support diabetes management and noted a decrease in SMS use after two to three months74. Mahwi et al. (2013) reported that in their study pharmaceutical care provided by pharmacist to type II diabetes mellitus patients yielded a statistically significant reduction in the glycemic level83. Soriano Marcolino et al. (2013) concluded in their findings that in clinical practice, positive motivation and contact through telemedicine should be intensified over time to increase the impact on glycemia75. This study was conducted at the hospital. A total of 135 type II diabetic patients who visited the outpatient diabetic department of the hospital were included in the study. Out of which 40 patients were assigned into the SMS group, 45 patients into the telephone group and 50 patients into the control group. After duration of 3 months, 27 patients from SMS group, 30 patients from telephone group and 24 patients from control group came for review. The demographic details among the subjects reveals that 29 (34.6%) were males and 52 (65.4%) were females. The percentage of males in SMS, telephone and control group was 37.1, 36.7 and 33.3 respectively and the percentage of females in each of the groups was 62.9, 63.3 and 66.7{Table 1; Figure 1}. The mean age of male among the study population was 50.28Â ±9.05 and that of female was 49.98Â ±10.67 {Table 2; Figure 2}. In SMS group the mean age was found to be 48.85Â ±13.95, the mean age in telephone group was found to be 50.16Â ±8.21 and in control group it was 51.29Â ±11.46 {Table 3; Figure 3}. From a study conducted in Pune, India, it was found that the prevalence of type II diabetes was 4.6% with equal prevalence in both the sex. Greater prevalence in male was found in the age group of > 60 years while in females it was 51-60 years (Patil et al., 2013)30. Valliyot et al. (2013) reported that those above 50 years of age have five times more chance to get diabetes when compare d with those in the 20-30 age groups. Gender did not show any statistical significant relationship with diabetes31. A study done by Deepthi et al. (2013) showed an increase in the prevalence of diabetes with increase in age irrespective of the gender73. From the literacy distribution 53.0% of the patients are in the primary level, 23.5% of the patients are in the secondary level, 21.0% have degree and 2.5% are post graduate {Table 4; Figure 4}. Some studies reported that there is a relationship between literacy and health outcomes. For example DeWalt et al. (2004) confirmed that low literacy is linked with a series of adverse health outcomes61. Agardh et al. (2011) reported that educational level was most consistently associated with increased possibility of type II diabetes62. From all the three groups 50.6% of the patients were housewives, 16.0% of the patients were doing business, 13.6% were professionals, 10.0% were labour, 4.9% were retired and 4.9% were jobless {Table 5; Figure 5}. In women, high job stress and low work social support had a higher risk of type II diabetes compared to those not exposed to work stress, according to (Heraclides et al., 2009)44. It was also found that work stress and shift work contributed to the development of type II diabetes in women. In men, the risk was decreased by high work demands, high strain, and an active job (Eriksson et al., 2013)45. Patient’s data were collected for their smoking habits and 13.6% were found to be smokers. Alcohol history of the study population was collected, out of this 1.2% were found to be alcoholics and 6.2% were found to have both the habits {Table 6; Figure 6}. Majgi et al. (2012) in their study reported that there is no relationship between smoking and alcohol consumption with diabetes38. Kokiwar et al. (2007) concluded that abnormal glucose tolerance was more prevalent among males, physically inactive persons and alcohol consumers39. Distribution of patients with activity and those without activity were 30.9% and 69.1% respectively {Table 7; Figure 7}. Jeon et al. (2007) in their findings stated that those who are regularly engaged in physical activity of moderate intensity had 30% lower risk of type II diabetes as compared with inactive individuals. They also stated that physical activities such as brisk walking can considerably reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes55. Bacchi et al. (2013) did a systemic review and concluded that regular work out improves insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control in individuals with type 2 diabetes and is considered a chief factor in the management of this situation54. Concerned with the duration of diabetes, 7 (8.6%) had an experience of >1 year, 50 (61.7%) had 1-5 years, 20 (24.7%) had 6-10 years, 2 (2.5%) had 11-16 years and 2 (2.5%) had more than 16 years of experience {Table 8; Figure 8}. On considering the complications 17.2% had heart related problems, 20.9% had thyroid disorders, 18.5% had other problems and 44.0% had no complications {Table 9; Figure 9}. Duration of diabetes is often known to be associated with complications of diabetes. Song (2008) reported that type II diabetes may be an aggressive disease phenotype to develop cardiovascular complications37. Several studies had found that in cardiovascular disease, adherence to medications is low. Over 50% of patients do not take medications as prescribed. Similar study was reported by Granger et al. (2011)34. There was no significant difference in age, gender, duration of diabetes, activity, literacy, occupation and social habits between the three groups. The mean difference between the baseline and review values of HbA1c, FBS and PPBS in each group of the study population i.e. SMS, telephone and control were measured and the significant difference produced were compared by paired student t test. HbA1c reflects the average blood glucose levels of the previous six weeks. Glycosylated haemoglobin has developed into a standard measurement of glycaemia and a standard component of diabetes supervision20. The baseline value of HbA1c in these three study group were found to be respectively 8.25Â ±1.84, 7.84Â ±1.68 and 7.87Â ±1.85. The review values of HbA1c in these three groups were found to be 7.70Â ±1.50, 7.16Â ±1.01 and 7.35Â ±1.48 {Table 10; Figure 10}. There was a significant percentage change in HbA1c for the SMS (p = 0.023) and telephone group (p = 0.001). But no significant percentage change in HbA1c for the control group (p = 0.130) was found {Table 15}. In this study, HbA1C levels decreased 6.7% in SMS group, 8.7 % in telephone group and 6.6% in the control group after twelve weeks compared with baseline {Table 15}. HbA1C did differ significantly with telephone and control group (p = 0.037) {Table 19}. Previous studies showed the following results: Zolfaghari et al. (2012) reported that after the three month follow up examination, HbA1c level in diabetic patients in SMS and nurse led telephone groups decrease to 1.01% points and 0.93% points respectively20. Seung Kim et al. (2006) in their study revealed that SMS and telephone intervention by a nurse improved HbA1c in type II diabetes patients after twelve weeks, with a decrease of 1.1% and 1.2% respectively6. Goodzari et al. (2012) concluded that HbA1c levels decreased in experimental group greater than control group after three months compared with two baseline (p = 0/24)19. Seung Kim et al. (2007) revealed that internet based intervention by a nurse in patients with type 2 diabet es resulted in a decline of 1.15% points of HbA1c at three months and 1.05% points at six months33. The baseline value of fasting blood sugar in three groups of patients was found to be 154.29Â ±59.00, 129.73Â ±52.20 and 131.80Â ±49.02. The review values in each group of patients were found to be131.59Â ±44.26, 111.60Â ±25.69 and 121.20Â ±39.24 {Table 11; Figure 11}. Fasting blood sugar did differ significantly with telephone and control group (p = 0.011) as well as SMS and telephone group (p = 0.040) {Table 19}. There was a significant percentage change in FBS for the SMS (p = 0.016) and telephone group (p = 0.017). However, there was no significant percentage change found in the control group (p = 0.078). In the telephone, SMS and control group a decrease of 14.7%, 14.0% and 8.0% points were noted respectively, at three months compared with baseline {Table 16}. Ferror Roca et al. (2004) in their experiment recommended that SMS may provide a easy, quick and efficient accessory to manage diabetes76. The present study adds that an educational interventional program using telep hone call and SMS improves levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood sugar for three months in patients with type II diabetes. The baseline values of PPBS in the three groups of patients were found to be 222.03Â ±93.20, 226.56Â ±99.90 and 219.09Â ±85.84. The review values in each study group were found to be 206.10Â ±77.00, 187.86Â ±34.30 and 199.18Â ±63.50 {Table 12; Figure 12}. Patients in the telephone group had a decrease of post prandial blood sugar of 17.5% mg/dl at three months compared with baseline in this study. In the SMS group it decreased 6.9% mg/dl and 9.0% mg/dl in the control group {Table 17}. Although PPBS level of the telephone group decreased after intervention, it was still above the target PPBS level. Ilknur Cinar et al. (2010) revealed that a nurse led telephone intervention may improve glycaemic parameters including HbA1c, FBS, PPBS, diet, exercise, medication adherence in patients with type II diabetes mellitus after twelve weeks64. In this study, PPBS did differ significantly with telephone and control group (p = 0.047) but did not differ significantly with SMS and telephone gr oup (p = 0.245) as well as SMS and control group (p = 0.480) {Table 19}. There was no significant mean change in PPBS for the SMS group (p = 0.337) and control group (p = 0.704) but a significant percentage change in telephone group was found (p = 0.030) {Table 17}. This study evaluated patients medication adherence behaviour and satisfaction with and demand for SMS and telephone call service after the intervention. The effect of intervention on medication adherence in the three groups found that there was significant difference between the baseline and review values of the SMS (p = 0.005) and telephone groups (p = 0.002). However, the control group was not found to be significant (p = 0.119). It was observed that there was a mean percentage change of medication adherence in SMS, telephone and control groups and found 5.8, 11.2, 2.5% increase after three months from baseline {Table 18}. It was suggested that beside telephone follow-up, increased disease awareness, positive lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise and drug) could be the reason for improvements in glycaemic parameters35. In several studies like Ling Huang et al. (2013) 88.1% of diabetic patients according to the pre-test reported as frequent missing of medication in the control group, compared with 88.5% of patients in the intervention group. The percentage of patients who earlier missed a dose was 43.7% in the control group and 46.1% in the intervention group, respectively29. Samir Patel et al. (2013) reported that a mobile phone based automated medication reminder system shows promise in improving medication adherence and blood pressure in high cardiovascular risk individuals46. Fenerty et al. (2012) in their study reported that reminder based interventions improved adherence to daily medications. Meta analysis showed a statistically significant rise in adherence in the intervention groups receiving a reminder compared to controls78. In a study about 85% of patients reported that they were pleased with the ATDM intervention and 76% of patient’s reported that they would prefer to receive such calls in the future (Piette et al., 2000)84. According to the questionnaire determining the patient satisfaction in this study, it was found that all patients in the SMS group were satisfied with short service message and 93.3% of the patients in the telephone group were satisfied with telephone call {Table 14}. Ramachandran et al. (2013) stated that their study showed mobile phone messaging is acceptable to the recipients, potentially scalable, could be delivered at low cost and is a part of an alternative strategy7. Samith Shetty et al. (2011) concluded that frequent communication for one year through SMS was satisfactory to patients with diabetes and it helped to improve the health outcome43. At the end of the study, a statistically significant reduction was observed in the HbA1c and FBS levels of patients in the telephone and SMS group while a small reduction, which is statistically not significant, was detected in the control group. This result confirms that the use of telemedicine approaches has a positive impact on patient’s glycemic control.

Essay --

Skin Cancer My topic has to do with the skin because it is about skin cancer which, obviously, occurs on the skin .Skin cancer is an abnormal and somewhat rapid growth of skin cells. Often occurs in areas of the skin that is exposed to the sun. UV rays from the sun can cause mutations to the cells we learned about such as the basal cell, squamous cell, and melanoma. In the United States the most common form of cancer is probably skin cancer. About 3.5 million cases of basal and squamous cell skin cancer are recorded each year in the United States alone. There are three major types of skin cancer. Those would be basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal and squamous cell cancers are set apart from the more dangerous and serious type of cancer which would be melanoma. The two got their names because they usually start in the basal cells or squamous cells. â€Å"Most basal and squamous cell cancers develop on sun-exposed areas of the skin, like the face, ear, neck, lips, and the backs of the hands. Depending on the type, they can be fast or slow growing, but they rarely spread to other parts of the body.† (ACS) Because they don’t usually spread to other parts of the body, basal and squamous cell cancers are considered less dangerous compared to the melanoma. As of 2013 there have been 76,600 cases of melanoma and causes more than 9,000 of the 12,000 skin cancer deaths each year. Like most or all skin cancer melanoma is almost always curable in its early stages. Basal cell cancers are strange, uncontrolled growths that occur on the outermost layer of the epidermis. This type of cancer often looks like red patches, open sores, shiny bumps, or scars. They can become highly disfigured if they are all... ...y, and biological therapy. Freezing is when the doctor freezes the cancer cells using liquid nitrogen; the dead tissue will come off when it thaws. Excisional is when the doctor cuts off the cancerous tissue. Laser therapy uses an intense beam of light to break down and destroy growths without heavily damaging the surrounding tissues. Mohs surgery is for larger, more difficult cancers. The doctor removes the skin growth layer by layer and examines each one until none of the growth remains. Radiation therapy is used when doctors are unable to perform surgeries. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill the cancer cells. If the cancer is at the top layer then creams would be used but if it is deeper down then drugs could be injected into the blood stream through veins. Biological therapy uses biological treatments to stimulate the immune system to kill the cancer cells.

Television and Cultural Change

Television and Cultural Change Research Paper: 1. Introduction Once considered a complete luxury for a family to own, the television has become a stable fixture in British and American households over the past few decades. In recent years, it has become unusual for a family not to own a television set and now it is just as uncommon for a family to own just one. In Britain, the years spanning from 1955 to 1969 saw an increase from 40 percent to 93 per cent of the population owning a television set (Silverstone, 1994, p. 67).Television or â€Å"TV† has become a prominent source for news and entertainment for billions of people around the world. For this, among other reasons, the concept of TV and its content has been the subject of much academic discourse and controversy. A lot of this discourse focuses on the ways television affects changes in societies’ behaviour and culture. This is visible via various scholarly communities. For example, up until 1982, psychologists ha d conducted over 2000 studies regarding the imitation of violence in the mass media.Economists and market researchers have performed similar types of empirical studies regarding imitation and suggestion in advertising (Bollen and Phillips, 1982, p. 802). This paper will combine findings of similar studies in an aim to examine the way television both mediates and contributes to cultural shifts in societies, particularly in Britain and the United States of America. 2. The Interplay of Institutions, Markets and Audiences Television drama, news, factual programming and the transformation of public service broadcasting have all played a huge role in the development of British and American society and cultural change.These changes currently present themselves through communications held between institutions, markets, and audiences. For instance, the consideration of an audience as a market instead of as the public by all types of institutions is the source for much controversy and debate (Walter, 2000, p. 67). This point will be further touched upon when discussing pubic service broadcasting and market-led broadcasting but first we must grasp a general understanding of cultural response to television as media. 3. Positive and Negative Response in SocietyThe communications that develop can be positive, in the case of an increase in democratic involvement or participation in the community but it can be also be negative, in the case of controversial programming, which can arguably contribute to the loss of a child’s innocence and even impair one’s ability to develop critical thinking skills. According to Bernard Berelson, a prominent American behavioural scientist, those with the greatest mass media exposure are much more likely to know a candidate’s stance on various issues (McCombs and Shaw, 1972, p. 77). On the contrary, Kenneth Bollen and David Phillips reported a prime example of how news can lead to a negative change in a society. A study tha t was performed and then replicated for a different time period showed that suicides had increased immediately following (10 days proceeding) a news report of a suicide in the surrounding region (1982). In order to ensure that changes are beneficial and that they contribute to the greater good of people, in this case in Britain and the U. S.A, studies such as this one must be produced and analysed. The study should offer insights, convey patterns, and report facts that can be applied in a practical way. As in the aforementioned case, it is evident that those who produce media have a responsibility for what they produce, whether it is fiction or fact. If watching a news report can incite someone to act on something as extreme as the contemplation of suicide, it may very well do the same for matters of a different nature 4. Public Service Broadcasting and the Free MarketWhen television was invented, it altered all preceding media of news and entertainment as well as many of our instit utions and forms of social relationships (Williams and Williams, 1992). In the public service broadcasting system, the consensus was that television media should be used for the good of the public and that access is guaranteed for all citizens (Walter, 2000, p. 67). Instead, private profit and gain enforced by market-led broadcasting, has compromised the idea of equality in terms of ability to receive information.This dissipation of equality stems from the differences in the general understanding of the roles that broadcasting plays (Walter, 2000, p63). The role that public service broadcasting plays is relevant today even with the new communication technologies of cable and satellite as the former provides quality programming which aims to raise cultural standards and provide a forum for democratic discussion and debate while the latter provides choice merely through exclusion, predicated by the ability of the consumer to pay for the additional services provided (Walter, 2000, p. 4 ). The Protocol to the Amsterdam Treaty dated June 1997 on public service broadcasting states â€Å"the system of public service broadcasting†¦is directly related to the democratic, social and cultural needs of each society†¦ to preserve media pluralism†, and it is in itself the reason why PSB is still relevant today, even for those states who did not sign on this treaty. 5. Understanding and Critiquing News Programming If one should ever listen in on a families’ after dinner conversation, one could often hear a parent commanding his or her offspring to â€Å"Turn that junk off! or questioning them as to â€Å"Why don’t you watch something educational instead? † and other comments of similar nature. The non-junk and educational content they are often referring to is factual programming such as the news. However, even with something as objective as the news there are still a few elements that one should consider when determining its quality and contribution to the viewing audience, as the point of contact between the people, events and politics. The objectivity of a news report should always be considered, just as the bias in a study or an experiment is considered in scientific communities.Many networks, even those provided through PSB, often have agendas and side with a political group. Furthermore, news stations are often pressured to deliver information that will grasp the attention of the viewer foremost, with the achievement of a quality report being a secondary goal. Considering factors such as the frequency and threshold of reported events can help in one’s appraisal. To exemplify the former, one can reflect on a news program dealing with the economic status of the country.If it focuses on temporary events that will not re-occur and do not help draw a picture of the economy as a whole, it is not a quality report. As for threshold, for instance, after the murder of John Lennon, events, which would normally not be considered newsworthy, received more coverage than they should have due to the public’s demand for therapy (Hartley, 1992, p. 76). A rule of thumb for news reporters is that bad news is good news (Hartley, 1992, pg. 76). However, as mentioned in a previous section of this report, empirical evidence shows that this is definitely not he case for the audience, considering the outcome suicide reports have on the subjected audiences behavioral changes. 6. Conclusions 6. 1. The Effects of Television on Society Television has many supporters and critics alike. Some argue that it brings people closer and some maintain that it can cause a divide in a community or even in a family. The way that one comes to these conclusions is by drawing questions such as the following. Do those who are not entitled to as much information due to economic reasons going to feel excluded and unworthy?Does media, such as television, contribute to a decrease of peoples’ participation in politics , the social environment and traditional leisure programs? Does locally produced programming strengthen the local community? These questions, among many others , should be answered in a proper analysis of television’s effect on people. Because those who are raised within a society develop and contribute that society’s culture more, it is vital to pay attention to its younger population. 6. 2. The Effects of Television on Young PeopleYoung people, in particular, have very malleable minds and are greatly affected by the things they see on television. In Sonia Silverstone’s Young People and the New Media, this phenomenon is thoroughly examined (1994). In this article, Silverstone reports of a British team of researchers who posed these types of questions in the form of survey questionnaire and interviews. The subjects ranged in age, gender and social and educational backgrounds in hopes of correlating media usage and effect across different segments of population.F indings showed that although television is considered an adequate source of information, it is also used to fill in the boring gaps of a child’s life. Television has the ability to shape a child’s emotions and it has effects on family life (Silverstone, 1994, p. 64, p. 68). 6. 3. The Effects of Television on the Domestic Space A crucial position in which TV has affected society can be viewed from within the domestic space. The television set has visibly transformed domestic arrangements over the years.In prior times, only the wealthy homes had a set in the family room. In more recent years, television has overtaken individual space as well, allowing for less family communication, a pattern which is now repeating itself with personal computers. Domestic time was also affected as television-viewing time has gradually increased over the years, once again allowing for less family time and communication. An outstanding statistic shows that at one point, Europe’s high est television viewing times belonged to the British population aged 9-16 (Silverstone, 1994, p. 69).In the same year, every age group from 10-16 years old reportedly preferred to watch TV alone as opposed to with friends, siblings, parents or anyone else (Livingstone, 1994). 6. 4. Representation of Reality Our perceptions of reality have been transformed by contemporary celebrity culture via television. The role played by television is that of reinforcement for both the state (which, today can be any figure appearing on a network) and the citizen (the audience). The validation that is provided serves as a means of centralised opinions and styles of behaviour (Williams and Williams, 1992).This is why anxieties about ‘dumbing down’ are in fact legitimate. Let us take an actor who believes that which is not presented in his character on his daytime drama. The audience who views this actor/ actress may adopt to a notion, feeling or belief portrayed by the character, in tur n validating the actor/ actress himself of a new belief system, one that he/ she had not previously considered. Should this belief system be one, deemed by professional opinions and the general public, of bad taste, it would mean that this is not quality television, and it does not produce a good quality of change for the general public as a culture.

Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Essays

Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Essays Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Paper Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Paper Life is play ; playing functions in relation to other people. Interest in the interaction of linguistic communication and action. Symbolic Interactionist- Language is symbolic action. â€Å"Verbal symbols are meaningful Acts of the Apostless from which motivations can be derived ( Griffin. p. 329 ) . † â€Å"Human beings†¦are a symbol-creating. symbol-using. and symbol misusing animate being ( Littlejohn. 1978. p. 69 ) . † A theory of Motives- why do people move ( peculiarly rhetorically ) the manner they do? Assess motivations. Texts/Speeches created by people to â€Å"DO SOMETHING. † Can be analyzed to find what it is they are seeking to make. Distinguishes human â€Å"Action† from Animal â€Å"Motion† Action MotionDone on intent ; Behaviors that are non-voluntary behaviour purposeful/non-meaningfule. g. DramatismAll animate beings and objectsPeoplehave gesture Forms of ThoughtThe survey of gesture is?mechanismUnderstood through motivations? Pentad( tool for understanding motivations ) Motivation: Linguistic Merchandise of Rhetorical Action Created a Grammar of Motives ( â€Å"grammar† significance regulations. rules. elements. construction and/or book ) Motivations are viewed by Burke in footings of internal beginnings of action ; but instead in footings of how linguistic communication and footings are used to do actions apprehensible. Guilt as Motive: guilt is an â€Å"all-purpose word for any feeling of tenseness within a person- anxiety. embarrassment. self-hatred. disgust. etc. ( Littlejohn. 1978. p. 70 ) . † We communicate to purge ourselves of guilt. Guilt arises out of linguistic communication. Three beginnings of guilt:1. The Negative: Language allows for regulations. ethical motives. etc. that surround us and we can’t escape violating. 2. The Principle of Perfection: Language allows us to â€Å"imagine† the ideal ( should ) . 3. The Principle of Heirarchy: Structure society with viing category and group differentiations We seek salvation ( cut down or extinguish guilt ) through communication/rhetoric/dramatism 1. Chagrin: self-blame 2. Victimage: external enemy is the beginning 3. Scapegoating: incrimination other ( s )Substance: general nature of a thing Consubstantiation: ( shared substance. commonalty ) Designation: ( same as consub ) grades of ; witting or unconscious ;1 ) stuff identification- goods. ownerships. things2 ) idealistic identification- values. thoughts. feelings. attitudes3 ) formal identification- form or agreement ofact/conventions ; functions. imposts. etc. Division- differences with others ( beginning of guilt ) FiveTool for understanding motivations Act SceneAgent Agency Purpose ( Six: Attitude: delayed or inchoate action ) Statement of motivations will reply: What was done ( act ) . when or where it was done ( scene ) . who did it ( agent ) . how it was done ( bureau ) . and why it was done ( intent ) .

Top 101 Best Persuasive Essay Topics in 2017

Top 101 Best Persuasive Essay Topics in 2017 Dont know how to jumpstart writing a persuasive essay? Use the list of top topics below as a source of inspiration for your project. Explore 101 ideas and find the perfect one you have been looking for. Alternatively, remember you can always get an essay written for a small fee from our expert writers. Lets get started! What is a persuasive essay? A persuasive essay is a type of written assignment that attempts to convince the reader or opponent that the argument, presented in work, is correct. The main objective of a persuasive speech is to let the students master the art of persuasion. This type of essay is a typical assignment at high-school and early college years, so senior high school students and junior college students can benefit from it the most. A persuasive essay outline is as follows: an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Find Exciting Ideas for Your Persuasive Essay The 101 topics listed below are a great source of inspiration and material for thorough and exciting research. Among them, you will find an ideal theme to use in your further investigation. On the other hand, dont forget that you can also get your essay written by our professional writers in a matter of hours. Our service provides high-quality exclusive essay writing services. We have the necessary expertise and years of successful experience in custom academic writing. Our authors can come up with top-notch quality writing that will meet all of your requirements and help you get the grade you want. Persuasive essays, in many ways, resemble argumentative essays. The major difference is that the argumentative essay should demonstrate a discussion as opposed to a single opinion. When working on a persuasive essay topic, one should remember that aiming to persuade the reader, make sure first that your statement or argument is 100% correct. Write down your topic as a firm statement in the form of a sentence and avoid using questions instead. Easy Persuasive Speech and Essay Topics In modern classrooms, exams do not match students’ abilities. Schools should have nothing to do with ads. Soda shouldn’t be sold to kids in restaurants. French fries shouldn’t be served in public school cafeterias. There should be different classes for boys and girls. Breastfeeding should be allowed in public places. Parents should go to jail if their kids do something illegal. People under 21 should be allowed to drink alcohol with parental consent. Parents must be responsible for providing a healthy diet. Parents should regularly check children’s belongings for drugs. The Internet was invented to change our lives. Medium Difficulty Persuasive Topics for a Speech or an Essay Is the ACLU a scam that is no good for America? Commercial testing on animals should be banned. Alternative energy is cheap enough to replace fossil fuels. Churches should pay taxes. The United States should maintain the Cuba embargo. College football should replace the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) with a playoff system. Decrease of the federal corporate income tax rate creates more jobs. The age for legal alcohol drinking should be more than 21. The felons who have completed their sentence should be allowed to vote. Difficult Persuasive Speech and Essay Topics Sex orientation is determined in childhood. Capital punishment is a crime. The humans are the leading cause of global climate change. Euthanasia should be allowed. Adults must be allowed to carry the electroshock device. The U.S. Supreme Court should ban same-sex marriages. The ways to solve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict exist. Defending yourself should be a constitutional right under the Second Amendment. Illegal immigrants shouldn’t be put to prison and forced to work to pay for their upkeep. College Level Topics for Persuasive Essays and Speeches Is there an equal representation of genders in politics. Cell phone use and texting make it difficult to concentrate. Textbooks are obsolete and should be replaced by iPads. Students should be careful when posting on social media. A border fence will solve the dilemma of immigration. Cyber-attacks are a vital intelligence tool for all countries. More recycling measures need to be forced by law. College network should use special filters to block inappropriate materials. The social network should be prohibited at school property. Should girls have equal representation on co-ed wrestling and football teams? Domestic terrorism is not an overwhelming issue in America. Identity theft is a huge problem for older adults. Bachelor’s Level Persuasive Speech and Essay Topics Fast food restaurants should prominently display calories. The current tax system overburdens the middle-class. Chronic mental patients live in â€Å"halfway houses† in the community. Billboards should be prohibited on highways. Psychiatrists should testify in court when a defendant enters a non-guilty-by-reason-of-insanity plea. The U.S. Constitution should require a National Health Insurance Program. Child molesters should be sentenced to death. Prospective parents should be required to take parenting classes. Getting married in high school should be encouraged for teen moms. The United Nations should be disbanded? Prisons should use music and art to calm prisoners. Educated people must volunteer as literacy tutors. Constructing Olympic venues near UNESCO protected sites is deplorable. Master’s Level Persuasive Speech and Essay Topics Society should shun prescribed codes of ethics. There is no such thing as the good and the evil. Does sexual desire define human behavior? Selfishness is an innate human behavior and should be encouraged. Intelligence should be genetically engineered. Genetics determines human behavior. Happiness comes from helping others, and this is why selfish people are always unhappy. Gods not dead. There is much evil in the world, and we should turn to God. Ethics are the unselfish means humans derive from their parenting instincts. The truth is universal. Creation of wealth comes from taking advantage of other people’s hard work. Funny Topics for Persuasive Essays What would happen if donkeys took over the world? Where do all the mismatched run away to? Why I hate country music (an exclusive tell-all biography). The worst song in the world. People love to watch shark attack shows, and they are cheering for the shark. Why do we have tanning booths at the beach? Your video game skills can get you a good job. Why people love email spam more than real email letters. Why wearing braces makes it easier to scare strangers. Playing with Barbie will change your life. Why Mickey Mouse frightens children. How to fake it as a non-sporty girlfriend. How to look busy at work without doing any actual work. Being a living Barbie doll has destroyed my life. Controversial Topics for a Persuasive Essay Bailing out financial institutions should not be allowed to use federal tax money. Surveillance makes U.S. society. Polygamy should be banned. Lesbian mothers create deviant daughters. No warrant should be needed for search and seizures. We should abolish the jury system and give sole power to judges. Biological weapons should not be allowed. Torture should be illegal. Contraception should be banned for children. To have children, both parents should be certified. Genetically modified organisms have benefits. The world would be better off without educated women. Harvesting sperm from dead male relatives should be considered abusive and illegal. Bonus Topics Parents should pay children for home chores. The USA should populate the moon and establish a military outpost there. Grades should be outlawed as counterproductive and degrading. A survival plan should become a must-have for every family in case of natural disasters. Parents should talk to their children about drugs at a young age. Cats make better pets than turtles. Religion freedom doesn’t really exist for most people all over the world. There must be an implant contraception for men too. If you are looking for persuasive essay examples, take a look at these below FREE PERSUASIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE What Is the Point of Writing Persuasive Essays? Persuasive writing allows us to look critically at ideas and topics that we might not pay enough attention to outside the classroom. Writing persuasive essays and speeches stretches your imagination and, sometimes, it can provide life-defining introspection. We would encourage all our visitors to use these essay topics as basic ideas to develop your own themes. Don’t forget proper referencing – use our APA referencing tool or hire a qualified expert to help you with your written project. 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Buffering Work-Family Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Buffering Work-Family Conflict - Essay Example The government has formulated policies that restrict the time for working. The employers implement these policies in a bid to buffer work-family conflicts. This occurs through giving employees a greater flexibility at work. The employees have freedom of choice on the appropriate time to work either part time or full time. Another factor is social support, where employees have the chance to receive members of their families as visitors during working hours. This helps the employees to reduce their personal and social pressures, as they are able to focus on both family and work. The competition between work and family reduces, thus buffering the work-family conflicts. The other factor relates to the management of the employees’ set of behavior that are incompatible for work and family (Poelmans, 2005). The most important factors in the reduction of work-family conflict are the implementation of government policies and social support for workers. Government policies govern the working hours of the employees. The employees have the ability to take time off from work, whenever they require taking care of their families. The government policies also capture the minimum wage of employees. This helps to reduce the financial conflicts that could arise due to the lack of money for satisfying basic family needs. On the other hand, social support is important because it helps employees in becoming efficient at work. Companies that provide emotional support to their employees have shown high performance. Such organizations also offer appraisal support that involves giving feedback on the employees, performance on their duties. Such employees also receive encouragement and affirmation on job promotions. Through social support, the employees are able to receive informational support through directives and advice from their seniors. This ensures that they avoid common mistakes at their places of work. The employees also

Answer the 4 questions from the provided uploaded information and the Research Paper

Answer the 4 questions from the provided uploaded information and the provided book - Research Paper Example Likewise, it was asserted by Powell (2008) that â€Å"the death of Jesus Christ is an integral aspect of salvation† (p. 3232) because at the moment of death, it was noted that God forgave the sins of many and became the liberation of the souls from the bondage of sin; thus, opening the gates of heaven to eternal life and to salvation. In addition, it was also contended that â€Å"salvation includes new life in Christ, comprising regeneration (or rebirth) and eternal life. We have this new life as we participate in Jesus’ resurrection† (Powell, 2008, p. 3599). 2. In 150-300 words, compare the theological positions of James Arminius and John Calvin. (10%) James Arminius alleged that man should not be held accountable for the sin of Adam; but only accountable when man transgressed against God’s laws voluntarily. ... As such, children of Christian disciples should be baptized while infants to be participants in the noted new covenant (Powell, 2008, p. 4764). Likewise, his teachings include: (1) total depravity concept where man was believed to be incapable of saving oneself; (2) that God chooses those who go to heaven or hell and man can do nothing to change this; (3) that Jesus allegedly died on the cross not to save mankind; but only those who were elected to go to heaven; (4) that man cannot resist God if and when he chooses to draw man towards Him; and finally, (5) salvation is believe to be left entirely to God. 3. In your own words, write a one to two sentence definition of the following terms or phrases: (5%) Canon of Scripture, as defined, means rule of a collection of writings of the Church which were considered of great value (Powell, 2008, p. 4514). Image of God was allegedly described in the Bible where man was created after the likeness of God, in terms of resemblance to some form of goodness, which is solely attributable to Him. Kenosis is a term which actually meant ‘emptying† which was analogous to Jesus, as the Son of God, who apparently emptied his divinity and assumed the role of a slave (Powell, 2008, p. 5270). Omniscience was noted to be the term which signifies the universality of God’s wisdom, which far exceeds the understanding and grasp of human nature and intellectual faculties of man. Original sin is reported to be a doctrine which presupposed that people are born in a sinful world; and therefore, it is acknowledgement that even before the ability to reason and have the capacity for spirituality, people are born to participate in the natural and universal sinfulness of the world. Orthodoxy was acknowledged to come from the word orthodox, a

Case Study (Human-Resource-Development) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

(Human-Resource-Development) - Case Study Example The employees must be sent for the training in batches of forty persons per batch. Each batch will last one week. On the first day, the training will begin with the trainer explaining what Kaizen is all about. Then the group will spend some time introducing each other. There will not be more than three sessions per day. In the beginning, the sessions must be used to impart information about the present status of the company. Gradually, the trainees will be told about what the company intends to do to bring about a turnaround and what is expected from each employee to bring about the progress. The sessions must be interspersed with lively but lesson producing games to highlight the importance of performing as a team and the role of each member in the team. Under improving efficiency, all the functions including company goals, means of achieving these goals, delegation of responsibilities, and rewards/penalties for outstanding performance/below average performance will be covered. Customer satisfaction is achieved by understanding the customer's problems and difficulties and solving them promptly. Sometimes there will be the need to coordinate with different people and departments in order to address customer's concerns. All these must be wrapped up within the working day. The learning objectives for achievement of target rest with each indi... The learning objectives for achievement of target rest with each individual employee doing his job qualitatively and quantitatively. There must be special focus on improving as an individual employee and also as a team. This is achieved by encouraging innovations and open communication. For each group of employees that will need training, what are the organizational constraints that need to be addressed in the design of the training What design features should be used to address these constraints Be sure to address both the learning and transfer of training issues. The organizational constraints are issues that come in the way of achieving targets. These are issues like loss of man-days, absenteeism, communication problems, and ego problems. They can also be constraining issues the company is forced to follow due to its own policies or policies/statutory requirements enforced by law. These can be explained to the employees in one of the training sessions. To begin, each trainee must diligently attend each session. The trainees must actively participate in the discussions and games. Case 2 - Strategic Planning at Multistate Health Corporation (MHC) In the implementation of the HRPS, what groups of employees are likely to need training Think of this from a training design perspective and from a training content perspective. The senior level management and everyone else below need training. MHC's present management status is a disaster. The rot begins at the top. The training to stem the rot and bring about transformation must also begin at the topmost level. The training for the middle level management and the management and staff below the middle level can be addressed as a matter of course. For the type of training you envision for each group, what are the